Host resistance and pulmonary IL-1β levels in M. tuberculosis infected casp1−/− and ASC−/− mice. IL-1β measured by ELISA in supernatant of BMDM from WT, casp1−/− and ASC−/− mice with and without exposure to live H37Rv (MOI:1) for 48 h (A). Data shown are the means 6 SD and are representative of two independent experiments. B, IL-1β levels in BALF and cell-free lung suspensions of the 4 wk infected mouse strains indicated are depicted. Dotted lines indicate the limit of detection of the ELISA assay. Data shown are pooled from at least three independent experiments. C57BL6 WT, casp1−/− and ASC−/− mice were infected with H37Rv by aerosol exposure and their survival monitored (C). Vertical dotted line represents survival of IL-1β−/− mice. Data are pooled from two independent experiments each with 8-12 mice per group. Bacterial loads in BALF and lung suspension at 4 wks p.i. of the same mouse strains (D). Data are pooled from four independent experiments. E, Western blot detection of IL-1β in cell-free lung suspensions at 4 wk p.i. Each lane represents an individual mouse. In (B) and (D), differences that were statistically significant (p < 0.05) are indicated.