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. 2012 Aug 16;7(8):e42608. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0042608

Table 1. Patient and control details.

Controls Schizophrenia Significance
Age (years) 40.87±11.72 41.23±11.78 p = 0.936
Gender (M/F) 7/9 11/2
NART 113.57±8.30 106.55±11.92 p = 0.096
BDI 3.31±2.96 17.43±12.88 p = 0.002*
SP 30.86±10.97 45.07±12.18 p = 0.004*
RSES 24.06±5.43 16.07±7.78 p = 0.005*
PANSS_positive 13.23±2.39
PANSS_negative 12.31±5.88
PANSS_general 22.23±6.86
PANSS_total 46.69±11.92
Social distress (averaged score) 3.74±1.21 3.78±2.60 p = 0.752
Belonging 6.82±1.50 4.73±3.90 p = 0.149
Self-esteem 5.19±2.00 5.00±3.20 p = 0.922
Meaningful existence 1.17±1.96 1.74±2.96 p = 0.851
Control 1.78±1.51 3.17±3.61 p = 0.117
Manipulation check questionnaire 5.30±1.40 4.82±1.86 p = 0.839

Values are mean ± DS; NART, National Adult Reading Test; BDI, Beck depression inventory; SP, Spielberg anxiety scale; RSES, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale; PANSS, Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale; (*) significant difference between groups.