Table 1. List of the reactions and transports across compartments included in the model.
| Reactions in cytosol | Reactions in mitochondria |
|---|---|
| GLC+ATP → G6P+ADP | AKG+NH4+NADH → GLU+NAD+ |
| G6P+ATP → 2 × GA3P+ADP | OAA+GLU → Asp+AKG(MAS) |
| GA3P+Pi+NAD+ → BPG+NADH | AKG+NH4+NADH → GLU+NAD+ |
| BPG+2 × ADP → PYR+2 × ATP | PYR+CO2+ATP → OAA+ADP+Pia |
| PYR+NADH → LAC+NAD+ | ACoA+OAA → CIT+CoA |
| ATP → ADP+Pi | CIT+NAD+ → αKG+NADH+CO2 |
| OAA+NADH → MAL+NAD+(MAS) | αKG+CoA+NAD+ → SCoA+NADH+CO2 |
| Asp+αKG → OAA+Glu(MAS) | SCoA+Pi+ADP → SUC+CoA+ATP |
| MAL+NADP → PYR+CO2a | SUC+NAD+ → FUM+NADH |
| GLUPacked → GLUa | FUM → MAL |
| GLU+NH4+ATP → Gln+ADP+Pia | MAL+NAD+ → OAA+NADH |
| GLU+25 × ATP → GLUPacked+25 × ADP+25 × Pib | GABAPacked → GABA |
| Gln → GLU+NH4b | GABA+αKG → SSA+GLU |
| GABApacked → GABAa | SSA+NAD+ → SUC+NADH |
| GABA+7.8 × ATP → GABAPacked+7.8 × ADP+7.8 × Pic | PYR+CO2+NADH → MAL+NAD+b,c |
| O2+6 × ADP+6 × Pi+2 × NADH → 6 × ATP+2 × NAD+ | |
| Multicompartment reactions | |
| MAL → αKGa,b,c | αKG → MALa,b,c |
| GLU → Aspa,b,c | Asp → GLUa,b,c |
| Transports | |
| Blood to ECS | ECS to blood |
| GLC | LAC |
| O2 | CO2 |
| Asp | Asp |
| NH4 | NH4 |
| ECS to cytosol | Cytosol to ECS |
| GLC | CO2 |
| O2 | LAC |
| LAC | Asp |
| Asp | GLUb |
| GLUa | GABAc |
| GABAa | Glna |
| NH4 | NH4 |
| Cytosol to mitochondria | Mitochondria to cytosol |
| PYR | ATP |
| ADP | CO2 |
| Pi | MAL |
| O2 | |
| NH4 | |
ACoA, acetyl-coenzyme A; ADP, adenosine diphosphate; αKG, alpha ketoglutarate; Asp, aspartate; ATP, adenosine triphosphate; BPG, bisphosphoglycerate; CIT, citrate; CoA, coenzyme A; CO2, carbon dioxide; FUM, fumarate; GABA, gamma aminobutyric acid; GA3P, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate; GLC, glucose; Gln, glutamine; GLU, glutamate, G6P, glucose 6-phosphate; LAC, lactate; MAL, malate; NADH, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (reduced form); NAD+, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide; NH4, ammonium; OAA, oxaloacetate; O2, oxygen; Pi, inorganic phosphate; SCoA, succinol coenzyme A; SSA, succinic semialdehyde; SUC, succinate; ECS, extracellular space.
a
In astrocyte.
b
In glutamatergic neuron.
c
In GABAergic neuron.
(MAS) Part of malate-aspartate shuttle.