Figure 10.

Cell differentiation assay. (A) After 14 days of culture on substrates, the cells were stained with ALP and alizarin red S. After 5 and 10 days of incubation on the substrates, total mRNA was extracted and expression of Runx2 (B), osteopontin (C), and osteocalcin (D) was measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction.

Notes: Results are expressed as relative transcript levels to β-actin (n = 3). ^#P < 0.05; ^##P < 0.01 versus Ti control group; *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01 versus Ti-6 h group.