Table 1. Characteristics of studies on CRP and lung cancer risk.
| First author | Year | Study | Country | Study design | Age, y | N. of participant | N. of Cases | Measure, mg/l | RR (95% CI) |
| Il’yasova (29) | 2005 | HABCS | US | Co | 70–79 | Total: 2438 | 42 | ln CRP | 1.64 (1.20–2.24) |
| Trichopoulos (30) | 2006 | EPICN | Greece | NCC | 20–86 | Control:996 | 72 | 1 SD of CRP* | 1.31 (1.11–1.53) |
| Suzuki (31) | 2006 | JACC | Japan | NCC | 40–79 | Control: 425 | 209 | <0.36 | 1.0 |
| 0.36–0.81 | 1.13 (0.67–1.91) | ||||||||
| 0.82–1.72 | 0.66 (0.38–1.16) | ||||||||
| >1.73 | 1.19 (0.70–2.02) | ||||||||
| Siemes (32) | 2006 | Rotterdam | Netherlands | Co | ≥55 | Total: 6273 | 117 | ln CRP | 1.51 (1.21–1.88) |
| Allin (33) | 2009 | CCHS | Danish | Co | ≥35 | Total: 10121 | 255 | <1 | 1.0 |
| 1–3 | 1.5 (0.7–3.2) | ||||||||
| 3–10 | 2.2 (1.0–4.6) | ||||||||
| Heikkila (12) | 2009 | BWHHS | UK | Co | 60–80 | Total: 3274 | 23 | ln CRP | 1.03 (0.71–1.51) |
| Heikkila (12) | 2009 | CCS | UK | Co | 45–59 | Total: 1144 | 57 | ln CRP | 1.17 (0.91–1.50) |
| dos Santos Silva (34) | 2010 | NPHS-II | UK | Co | 56.0† | Total:1868 | 35 | 0.037–1.340 | 1.0 |
| 1.341–2.83 | 0.79 (0.24–2.62) | ||||||||
| 2.84–6.38 | 1.18 (0.41–3.41) | ||||||||
| 6.39–123.4 | 1.50 (0.55–4.08) | ||||||||
| Chaturvedi (35) | 2010 | PLCO Trial | US | NCC | 55–74 | Control:670 | 592 | <1.0 | 1.0 |
| 1.1–2.7 | 1.22 (0.83–1.78) | ||||||||
| 2.8–5.5 | 1.54 (1.08–2.21) | ||||||||
| >5.6 | 1.98 (1.35–2.89) | ||||||||
| Van Hemelrijck (36) | 2011 | AMORIS | Sweden | Co | ≥20 | Total: 102749 | 516 | Men<10 | 1.0 |
| 10–15 | 1.34 (0.96–1.88) | ||||||||
| 15–25 | 2.48 (1.46–4.19) | ||||||||
| 25–50 | 2.02 (1.10–3.72) | ||||||||
| >50 | 1.38 (0.57–3.36) | ||||||||
| Women<10 | 1.0 | ||||||||
| 10–15 | 1.10 (0.76–1.60) | ||||||||
| 15–25 | 1.99 (1.06–3.77) | ||||||||
| 25–50 | 0.76 (0.24–2.38) | ||||||||
| >50 | 1.84 (0.76–4.48) |
Abbreviation: RR, relative risk; CI, confidence intervals; CRP, C-reactive protein; NCC, nested case-control; Co, cohort; HABCS, Health Aging and Body Composition study; EPICN, European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition; JACC, Japan Collaborative Cohort Study; CCHS, Copenhagen City Heart Study; BWHHS, British Women’s Heart and Health Study; CCS, Caerphilly Cohort Study; NPHS-II, Second Northwick Park Heart; PLCO, prospective Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian; AMORIS, Apolipoprotein MOrtality RISk.
†
Mean.
*
1 SD = 3.2 mg/l.