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. 2012 Aug 17;7(8):e43607. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0043607

Figure 1. Studied insect community of B. nigra.

Figure 1

(A) Tritrophic system consisting of the Brassicaceae-specialist Pieris brassicae and the generalist moth Mamestra brassicae lay eggs in clusters on B. nigra. The egg parasitoid Trichogramma brassicae attacks eggs of both. The larval parasitoid Cotesia glomerata attacks young caterpillar stages of P. brassicae. (B) P. brassicae clutch on B. nigra expressing a strong necrotic zone, i.e. hypersensitive response (HR) (Photo credits: D. Lucas-Barbosa), (C) M. brassicae egg clutch on B. nigra without necrosis (Photo credits: Nina E. Fatouros, www.bugsinthepicture.com), (D) C. glomerata wasp on P. brassicae eggs parasitizing a neonate that just hatched (Photo credits: N. E. Fatouros, www.bugsinthepicture.com).