. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2012 Aug 18.

Published in final edited form as: J Am Diet Assoc. 2008 Aug;108(8):1315–1322. doi: 10.1016/j.jada.2008.05.011

Table 4.

Differences in reported daily total fruit and vegetable intake across categories of knowledge, health benefits, stage of change, and barrier scores in urban and mostly immigrant black men.

Predictor	Total fruit and vegetables Mean (Standard deviation)
Total Knowledge Score^*
0 – 2 (n = 180)	2.90 (1.81)^a
3 (n = 182)	3.18 (2.12)^a ^b
4 –5 (n = 108)	3.59 (2.81)^b
Knowledge about Recommended Daily Fruit and Vegetable Servings^**
1–4 servings/day (n = 316)	2.94 (1.99)^a
5–8 servings/day (n = 120)	3.50 (2.13)^b
9 or more servings/day (n = 27)	4.26 (3.82)^b
Perceived Health Benefits (Number mentioned, maximum 6)
Mentioned 0 (n = 339)	3.1 (2.09)
Mentioned 1–6 (n = 140)	3.3 (2.43)
Stage of Change^**
Precontemplation (n = 83)	2.96 (2.10)^a ^b
Contemplation/preparation (n = 61)	2.39 (1.80)^a
Action (n =333)	3.34 (2.27)^b
Perceived Barriers (Number reported, maximum 11)^**
0 (n = 99)	3.35(1.78)^a ^b
1 (n = 104)	3.54 (2.10)^a
2 (n = 135)	3.23 (2.76)^a ^b
3 (n = 73)	2.74 (1.74)^a ^b
4+ (n = 67)	2.48 (1.90)^b

^{a, b}

Tukey Honestly Significant Difference post-hoc comparisons: means in a column without a common letter are significantly different at the p < 0.05 level.

Significance level for T-test or Analysis of Variance:

P < 0.05;

^**

P < 0.01;

^***

P < 0.001