Table 1.

Surgical and nonsurgical treatments of malignant afferent loop obstruction

Surgical treatment	• Radical resection
	• Surgical bypass (Jejunojejunostomy, Roux-en-Y bypass)•
	• Jejunostomy
Nonsurgical treatment	Peroral (Endoscopic) approach		· External drainage
			· Internal drainage
	Percutaneous	Direct route	· Balloon dilation
	approach	Transhepatic route	· Stent placement