Table 2.
List of genes significantly up-regulated (>twofold) by CBD or THC in BV-2 cells
| Gene array (fold induction) | qPCR (fold induction)a | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gene name | Description | Accession number | CBD | THC | CBD | THC |
| Stress response | ||||||
| Trib3 | Tribbles homolog 3 (Drosophila) | NM_175093.2 | 16.3 | 3.4 | 15.7 ± 0.3 | 3.6 ± 0.9 |
| Ddit3/Chop | DNA-damage inducible transcript 3 | NM_007837.3 | 12.0 | 1.7 | 12.9 ± 0.5 | 1.7 ± 0.2 |
| Gdf15 | Growth differentiation factor 15 | NM_011819.1 | 8.2 | 2.4 | ||
| Mt2 | Metallothionein 2 | NM_008630.1 | 7.9 | 1.3 | ||
| Ndrg1 | N-myc downstream regulated gene 1 | NM_010884.1 | 6.5 | 1.2 | ||
| Csprs | Component of Sp100-rs | NM_033616.2 | 6.5 | 1.5 | ||
| Ndrl | N-myc downstream regulated-like | NM_008681 | 5.5 | 1.1 | ||
| Cox6a2 | Cytochrome c oxidase, subunit VI a, polypeptide 2 | NM_009943.2 | 4.8 | 1.5 | ||
| Herpud1 | Homocysteine-inducible, ER stress-inducible, ubiquitin-like domain member 1 | NM_022331.1 | 3.3 | 2.3 | ||
| Sqstm1/p62 | Sequestosome 1 | NM_011018.1 | 3.2 | 1.2 | 4.8 ± 1.7 | 1.7 ± 0.1 |
| Ddit4 | DNA-damage-inducible transcript 4 | NM_029083.1 | 3.0 | 1.1 | ||
| Ctsg | Cathepsin G | NM_007800.1 | 2.7 | 0.9 | ||
| Hmox1 | Haem oxygenase (decycling) 1 | NM_010442.2 | 2.7 | 1.4 | 3.9 ± 1.2 | 2.1 ± 0.2 |
| Dnmt3l | DNA (cytosine-5-)-methyltransferase 3-like | NM_019448.2 | 2.7 | 1.5 | ||
| Vegfa | Vascular endothelial growth factor A | NM_009505.2 | 2.6 | 1.4 | ||
| Hp | Haptoglobin | NM_017370.1 | 2.6 | 1.9 | ||
| Npn3 | Sulphiredoxin 1 homologue (S. cerevisiae) | NM_029688.2 | 2.6 | 1.3 | ||
| Nqo1 | NAD(P)H dehydrogenase, quinone 1 | NM_008706.1 | 2.4 | 1.1 | ||
| Htatip2 | HIV-1 tat interactive protein 2, homologue (human) | NM_016865.2 | 2.1 | 1.0 | ||
| Regulation of transcription | ||||||
| Nupr1/p8 | Nuclear protein 1 | NM_019738.1 | 7.9 | 2.0 | 10.4 ± 1.5 | 2.2 ± 0.4 |
| Glrp1 | Glutamine repeat protein 1 | NM_008132.1 | 4.3 | 1.6 | ||
| IkB | NF-κB inhibitor β | NM_010908.4 | 3.5 | 1.4 | ||
| Neurl | Neuralized homolog (Drosophila) | NM_021360 | 3.2 | 1.0 | ||
| NF-kB | Nuclear factor of κ light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells 1 | NM_008689.2 | 3.1 | 1.4 | ||
| Jundm2 | Jun dimerization protein 2 | NM_030887.2 | 3.0 | 1.5 | ||
| Atf4 | Activating transcription factor 4 | NM_009716 | 2.8 | 1.2 | 3.5 ± 0.3 | 1.7 ± 0.1 |
| Chd2 | Chromodomain helicase DNA binding protein 2 | XM_145698.4 | 2.8 | 1.2 | ||
| Atf5 | Activating transcription factor 5 | NM_030693.1 | 2.5 | 1.3 | ||
| Spic | Spi-C transcription factor (Spi-1/PU.1 related) | NM_011461.2 | 2.5 | 1.2 | ||
| Relb | Avian reticuloendotheliosis viral (v-rel) oncogene related B | NM_009046.2 | 2.4 | 1.3 | ||
| Eif4ebp1 | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E binding protein 1 | NM_007918.2 | 2.3 | 1.3 | ||
| Atf3 | Activating transcription factor 3 | NM_007498.2 | 2.3 | 1.2 | ||
| Hist1h3e | Histone 1, H3e | NM_178205 | 2.2 | 1.0 | ||
| Hist1h2ac | Histone 1, H2ac | NM_178189.2 | 2.2 | 1.1 | ||
| Hist1h1c | Histone 1, H1c | NM_015786 | 2.1 | 1.2 | ||
| Hist2h2be | Histone 2, H2be | NM_178214.1 | 2.1 | 1.0 | ||
| Mef2b | Myocyte enhancer factor 2B | NM_008578.1 | 2.1 | 1.1 | ||
| Sox4 | SRY-box containing gene 4 | NM_009238.2 | 2.1 | 0.9 | ||
| Hist1h3d | Histone1, H3d | NM_178204.1 | 2.0 | 1.0 | ||
| Nfe2l1 | Nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2,-like 1 | NM_008686.3 | 2.0 | 1.1 | ||
| Metabolic | ||||||
| Soat2 | Sterol O-acyltransferase 2 | NM_146064.1 | 8.0 | 1.7 | ||
| Cox6a2 | Cytochrome c oxidase, subunit VI a, polypeptide 2 | NM_009943.1 | 4.8 | 1.5 | ||
| Gpt2 | Glutamic pyruvate transaminase (alanine aminotransferase) 2 | NM_173866.1 | 4.7 | 1.3 | ||
| Gclm | Glutamate-cysteine ligase, modifier subunit | NM_008129.3 | 3.0 | 1.3 | 2.23 ± 0.06 | 1.5 ± 0.3 |
| Akr1b7 | Aldo-keto reductase family 1, member B7 | NM_009731.1 | 2.9 | 1.0 | ||
| Gstm6 | Glutathione S-transferase, µ6 | NM_008184.1 | 2.8 | 1.4 | ||
| Gstm1 | Glutathione S-transferase, µ1 | NM_010358.5 | 2.4 | 1.3 | ||
| Adfp | Adipose differentiation related protein | NM_007408.2 | 2.3 | 0.9 | ||
| Sars1 | Seryl-aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase | NM_011319.1 | 2.2 | 1.2 | ||
| Cars | Cysteinyl-tRNA synthetase | NM_013742.2 | 2.0 | 1.2 | ||
| Membrane transport and secretion | ||||||
| Aqp9 | Aquaglyceroporin 9 | NM_022026.2 | 14.3 | 2.0 | 14.6 ± 3.8 | 2.5 ± 0.5 |
| Chac1 | Cation ion transport regulator 1 | NM_026929 | 10.1 | 3.1 | ||
| Slc7a11 | Solute carrier family 7 (cationic amino acid transporter, y+ system), member 11 | NM_011990.1 | 7.1 | 1.7 | 9.2 ± 0.6 | 1.4 ± 0.2 |
| Slc40a1 | Solute carrier family 40 (iron-regulated transporter), member 1 | NM_016917.1 | 6.5 | 1.7 | 15.4 ± 0.6 | 1.6 ± 0.2 |
| Slc6a9 | Solute carrier family 6 (neurotransmitter transporter, glycine), member 9 | NM_008135.1 | 6.5 | 1.6 | ||
| Slc1a4 | Solute carrier family 1 (glutamate/neutral amino acid transporter), member 4 | NM_018861.2 | 5.9 | 1.9 | ||
| Slc3a2 | Solute carrier family 3 (activators of dibasic and neutral amino acid transport) member2 | NM_008577.2 | 3.8 | 1.1 | ||
| Slc39a4 | Solute carrier family 39 (zinc transporter), member 4 | NM_028064.2 | 3.5 | 1.6 | ||
| Stx11 | Syntaxin 11 | XM_203312.2 | 3.2 | 1.4 | ||
| Atp2a3 | ATPase, Ca++ transporting, ubiquitous | NM_016745.2 | 2.7 | 1.2 | ||
| Slc2a6 | Solute carrier family 2 (facilitated glucose transporter), member 6 | NM_172659.1 | 2.6 | 1.5 | ||
| Slc30a1 | Solute carrier family 30 (zinc transporter), member 1 | NM_009579.2 | 2.6 | 1.0 | ||
| Sfxn4 | Sideroflexin 4 | NM_053198.3 | 2.1 | 1.2 | ||
| Phosphatases | ||||||
| Dusp1 | Dual specificity phosphatase 1 | NM_013642.3 | 2.8 | 1.1 | 3.2 ± 1.5 | 0.8 ± 0.1 |
| Ptpn14 | Protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 14 | NM_008976.1 | 2.7 | 1.1 | ||
| Ppap2b | Phosphatidic acid phosphatase type 2B | NM_080555.1 | 2.2 | 1.3 | ||
| Adhesion and migration | ||||||
| Angptl6 | Angiopoietin-like 6 | NM_145154 | 5.6 | 1.2 | ||
| Saa3 | Serum amyloid A 3 | NM_011315 | 4.4 | 2.7 | ||
| Col4a1 | Procollagen, type IV, α1 | NM_009931.1 | 3.5 | 1.0 | ||
| Sned1 | Sushi, nidogen and EGF-like domains 1 | NM_172463.3 | 2.8 | 1.2 | ||
| Clecsf9 | C-type (calcium dependent, carbohydrate recognition domain) lectin | NM_019948.1 | 2.3 | 1.7 | ||
| Mmp23 | Matrix metalloproteinase 23 | NM_011985.1 | 2.5 | 1.2 | ||
| Pcdha1 | Protocadherin α 1 | NM_054072 | 2.4 | 1.1 | ||
| Pcdha11 | Protocadherin α 11 | NM_009960 | 2.2 | 1.1 | ||
| Motility and morphogenesis | ||||||
| Avil | Advillin | NM_009635.2 | 2.6 | 1.0 | ||
| Vwf | Von Willebrand factor homolog ue | NM_011708.2 | 2.6 | 1.1 | ||
| Pfn2 | Profilin 2 | NM_019410.2 | 2.3 | 1.1 | ||
| Apoptosis | ||||||
| Tnfaip2 | Tumour necrosis factor α-induced protein 2 | NM_009396.1 | 3.3 | 1.8 | ||
| Lcn2 | Lipocalin 2 | NM_008491.1 | 2.5 | 2.5 | ||
| Traf1 | TNF receptor-associated factor 1 | NM_009421.2 | 2.3 | 1.2 | ||
| Casp4 | Caspase 4, apoptosis-related cysteine protease | NM_007609.1 | 2.1 | 1.2 | 3.2 ± 0.6 | 1.1 ± 0.3 |
| Pdcd1lg1 | Programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 | NM_021893.2 | 2.1 | 1.5 | ||
| Cell cycle and proliferation | ||||||
| Cdkn1a | Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (P21) | NM_007669.4 | 3.7 | 0.7 | 3.24 ± 0.6 | 1.0 ± 0.1 |
| Cdkn2b | Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2B (p15, inhibits CDK4) | NM_007670.2 | 2.9 | 1.1 | ||
| Gadd45a | Growth arrest and DNA-damage-inducible 45 α | NM_007836.1 | 2.3 | 1.2 | ||
| Cdkn2a | Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A | NM_009877.1 | 2.1 | 0.7 | ||
| G protein-coupled receptors | ||||||
| Ptgir | Prostaglandin I receptor (IP) | NM_008967.1 | 5.4 | 1.3 | ||
| Kinases | ||||||
| Plk2 | Polo-like kinase 2 | NM_152804.1 | 2.2 | 1.1 | ||
| Regulation of translation | ||||||
| Myd116 | Myeloid differentiation primary response gene 116 | NM_008654.1 | 2.7 | 1.1 | ||
| Cpeb1 | Cytoplasmic polyadenylation element binding protein 1 | NM_007755.1 | 2.2 | 1.2 | ||
a
Genes were validated by qPCR, using β2-microglobulin mRNA as a reference gene.