(A and B) HPAEC cells were transfected with siRNA for NPM1 mRNA (siNPM1) or a control non-targeting RNA (siNeg) for 48 hours, followed by qRT-PCR to determine knockdown level of NPM1 mRNA (A); Data was shown as mean ± S.E.M., * P<0.01, ** P<0.05; two-tailed unpaired Student’s t-tests between groups, and Western blot analysis (B). (C) HPAEC cells were transfected with 10 nM siRNA for 48 hours, followed by immunofluorescent staining. (D) One-step growth curve analysis of adenoviruses in siNPM1-treated primary cells. Primary cells transfected with siRNA for 48 hours were infected with adenovirus at an MOI of 10 PFU/cell for various times. Infectious titer was determined by plaque assay.