Table 1.
Changes in lung miRNA expression profile induced by HVTV
| Control |
Fold Change in miRNA Expression |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| After 1 h of HVTV |
After 4 h of HVTV |
||||||
| miRNA | Array | Validation | Array | Validation | Array | Validation | miRNA Predicted Target Genes |
| miR-7b | 1.2 ± 0.2 | 1.1 ± 0.2 | 10.8 ± 0.4 | 10.4 ± 0.3 | 24.2 ± 5.6 | 22.1 ± 0.5 | IRS2, OXR1, GSK3B, NFAT5 |
| miR-189 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 2.6 ± 0.1 | 2.5 ± 0.2 | 18.6 ± 0.4 | 18.1 ± 0.2 | STK33, HIF3A, CDKN1B, E2F3 |
| miR-223 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 7.0 ± 0.8 | 6.8 ± 0.3 | 14.9 ± 2.0 | 15.4 ± 0.5 | RHOB, IGF1R, FOXO1, ECT2 |
| miR-135a | 1.0 ± 0.0 | 1.0 ± 0.0 | 9.5 ± 0.9 | 9.1 ± 0.3 | 14.3 ± 2.3 | 14.9 ± 0.3 | SMAD5, JAK2, GK5, ANGPT2 |
| miR-9 | 1.0 ± 0.0 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 5.2 ± 0.1 | 5.0 ± 0.2 | 13.4 ± 4.2 | 12.8 ± 1.2 | CDH1, TNC, ITGA6, CTNNA1 |
| miR-132 | 1.0 ± 0.0 | 1.0 ± 0.0 | 3.2 ± 0.2 | 3.1 ± 0.3 | 11.0 ± 2.8 | 11.4 ± 2.2 | ACHE, APAF1, EP300, ETNK1 |
| miR-344 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.0 ± 0.0 | 13.4 ± 0.5 | 12.8 ± 0.2 | 9.2 ± 0.3 | 9.9 ± 0.2 | ITGB8, ESRRG, YES1, SATB1 |
| miR-345 | 0.9 ± 0.1 | 1.0 ± 0.0 | 3.7 ± 0.3 | 3.2 ± 0.6 | 7.8 ± 0.9 | 8.5 ± 0.3 | SMAD1, GPR3, RUNX3, CDKN1A |
| miR-96 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.0 ± 0.0 | 3.6 ± 0.9 | 3.3 ± 0.3 | 7.3 ± 0.9 | 7.8 ± 0.3 | SOX5, ADCY6, FUT9, CPEB1 |
| miR-21 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.0 ± 0.0 | 4.1 ± 0.5 | 4.6 ± 0.2 | 7.1 ± 1.1 | 7.3 ± 0.6 | PTEN, PDCD4, SPRY1, BMPR2 |
| miR-1 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.0 ± 0.0 | 7.9 ± 0.5 | 8.1 ± 0.2 | 6.1 ± 0.4 | 6.6 ± 0.3 | PAX3, ETS1, FOXP1, TRIM2 |
| miR-501 | 1.0 ± 0.0 | 1.0 ± 0.2 | 1.7 ± 0.1 | 1.9 ± 0.2 | 5.2 ± 2.5 | 4.8 ± 0.7 | ADAMTS3, SEMA3C, RBMS1, ESRRG |
| miR-146b | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.0 ± 0.0 | 2.5 ± 1.0 | 2.7 ± 0.5 | 4.5 ± 1.2 | 4.1 ± 0.5 | IRAK1, TRAF6, IGSF1, SMAD4 |
| miR-106a | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.0 ± 0.0 | 2.2 ± 0.2 | 2.3 ± 0.1 | 4.5 ± 0.5 | 4.0 ± 0.3 | IL10, NFAT5, EPHA4, TGFBR2 |
| miR-485-3p | 0.9 ± 0.2 | 1.0 ± 0.0 | 1.3 ± 0.3 | 1.6 ± 0.2 | 4.4 ± 0.2 | 4.0 ± 0.1 | SMG1, SOX5, PLXNA4, STK10 |
| miR-685 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.0 ± 0.0 | 2.1 ± 0.1 | 2.2 ± 0.2 | 4.3 ± 0.2 | 3.9 ± 0.5 | SIRT1, BMPER, WNT1, FOXO1 |
| miR-543 | 1.0 ± 0.0 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 3.3 ± 0.2 | 3.1 ± 0.4 | 3.9 ± 0.3 | 3.8 ± 0.2 | IL1A, KLF6, ITGB8, FGF12 |
| miR-153 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 3.0 ± 0.1 | 2.9 ± 0.5 | 3.8 ± 0.1 | 3.8 ± 0.1 | ANGPT1, KLF5, KCNA1, GALNT7 |
| miR-210 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.0 ± 0.0 | 1.6 ± 0.1 | 1.4 ± 0.2 | 3.8 ± 0.7 | 3.7 ± 0.3 | IGF2, EFNA3, GIT2, ISCU |
| miR-337 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.0 ± 0.0 | 2.0 ± 0.1 | 2.2 ± 0.3 | 3.8 ± 0.2 | 3.9 ± 0.5 | IL13, RA1, KRAS, RAB22A, USP15 |
| miR-10a | 0.9 ± 0.2 | 1.0 ± 0.0 | 1.1 ± 0.1 | 1.2 ± 0.4 | 3.7 ± 0.8 | 3.1 ± 0.2 | TFAP2C, HOXA3, KLF11, GATA6 |
| miR-125b | 1.0 ± 0.0 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 2.9 ± 0.3 | 3.3 ± 0.2 | 3.6 ± 0.4 | 3.5 ± 0.7 | TNFA, IRF4, BAK1, KLF13 |
| miR-7 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.5 ± 0.2 | 2.1 ± 0.3 | 3.5 ± 0.3 | 3.7 ± 0.2 | IRS2, OXR1, GSK3B, NFAT5 |
| miR-196a | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 0.9 ± 0.2 | −5.7 ± 1.9 | −5.7 ± 1.0 | 3.5 ± 0.0 | 3.3 ± 0.1 | HOXC8, HOXB8, NRAS, GATA6 |
| miR-146a | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.7 ± 0.4 | 1.9 ± 0.2 | 3.4 ± 0.2 | 3.1 ± 0.2 | IRAK1, TRAF6, IGSF1, SMAD4 |
| miR-214 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 2.4 ± 0.1 | 2.5 ± 0.2 | 3.4 ± 0.4 | 3.0 ± 0.5 | FGFR1, SMYD5, KLK10, GPR6 |
| miR-155 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.0 ± 0.2 | 1.8 ± 0.1 | 2.2 ± 0.2 | 3.3 ± 0.6 | 3.1 ± 0.2 | SOCS1, SHIP, TNFA, TRAF6 |
| miR-18a | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.0 ± 0.0 | 1.4 ± 0.1 | 1.8 ± 0.5 | 3.3 ± 0.3 | 3.1 ± 0.6 | ESR1, DICER1, CA13, CCND2 |
| miR-542-3p | 1.0 ± 0.0 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 4.1 ± 0.1 | 4.4 ± 0.2 | 2.9 ± 0.1 | 2.7 ± 0.3 | TBR1, HSPG2, RC3H1 |
| miR-186 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.8 ± 0.1 | 2.2 ± 0.3 | 2.7 ± 0.4 | 2.4 ± 0.3 | MIB1, PDE10A, IRF8, XIAP |
| miR-151 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.0 ± 0.2 | 1.4 ± 0.1 | 1.6 ± 0.2 | 2.6 ± 0.6 | 2.5 ± 0.3 | CLK1, AKT3, FXR1, DLC1 |
| miR-194 | 1.1 ± 0.2 | 1.0 ± 0.0 | 1.7 ± 0.2 | 1.4 ± 0.3 | 2.5 ± 0.4 | 2.4 ± 0.8 | ANGPT1, TMED5, TRAF6, SETD8 |
| miR-205 | 1.1 ± 0.2 | 1.0 ± 0.0 | 1.9 ± 0.1 | 2.1 ± 0.5 | 2.4 ± 0.4 | 2.3 ± 0.5 | YES1, MED1, COX11, LRP1 |
| miR-350 | 1.0 ± 0.0 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | −1.5 ± 0.1 | −1.2 ± 0.2 | 2.3 ± 0.6 | 2.2 ± 0.3 | EEA1, DNER, OTUD1, SUZ12 |
| miR-467b | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.6 ± 0.4 | 1.8 ± 0.2 | 2.3 ± 0.1 | 2.1 ± 0.5 | SNX5, E2F2, E2F7, DOCK2 |
| miR-142-3p | 1.0 ± 0.0 | 1.0 ± 0.0 | 1.3 ± 0.0 | 1.5 ± 0.2 | 2.3 ± 0.5 | 2.1 ± 0.2 | BOD1, LCOR, RAB2A, ZEB2 |
| miR-137 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 3.6 ± 0.9 | 3.9 ± 0.3 | 2.3 ± 0.1 | 2.3 ± 0.1 | CDC42, PDLIM3, EPHA7, KLF12 |
| miR-330 | 0.9 ± 0.1 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.3 ± 0.0 | 1.5 ± 0.2 | 2.3 ± 0.2 | 2.1 ± 0.4 | ITGA5, ELK1, EFNA3, ABCC1 |
| miR-27a | 1.0 ± 0.0 | 1.0 ± 0.0 | 1.4 ± 0.0 | 1.7 ± 0.2 | 2.2 ± 0.5 | 2.4 ± 0.7 | PLK2, FBXW7, LIN28B, CCNG1 |
| miR-455-3p | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.0 ± 0.2 | 1.6 ± 0.4 | 1.8 ± 0.2 | 2.2 ± 0.0 | 2.1 ± 0.2 | CUL3, HOXC4, TAZ, ITGA1 |
| miR-203 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.9 ± 0.2 | 2.2 ± 0.4 | 2.2 ± 0.4 | 2.2 ± 0.7 | LIFR, UBR1, ELL2, IL24 |
| miR-129-3p | 1.0 ± 0.0 | 1.0 ± 0.2 | 1.0 ± 0.2 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 2.2 ± 0.2 | 2.1 ± 0.3 | ACACA, DOK4, MEMO1 |
| miR-199a | 1.0 ± 0.0 | 1.0 ± 0.0 | 1.2 ± 0.3 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 2.1 ± 0.2 | 2.3 ± 0.5 | DDR1, AKAP1, ONECUT2, JAG1 |
| miR-700 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 2.1 ± 0.4 | 2.2 ± 0.7 | MARVELD1 |
| miR-34a | 1.0 ± 0.0 | 1.0 ± 0.2 | 1.6 ± 0.1 | 1.3 ± 0.3 | 2.1 ± 0.6 | 2.2 ± 0.2 | MYCN, SATB2, RRAS, E2F5 |
| miR-376a | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.0 ± 0.0 | 2.2 ± 0.1 | 2.5 ± 0.2 | 1.9 ± 0.1 | 2.0 ± 0.2 | MLL, CACHD1 |
| miR-369-5p | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 2.4 ± 0.8 | 2.2 ± 0.4 | 1.8 ± 0.8 | 1.9 ± 0.3 | DXH15, TTI1, MAP3K13, RNF111 |
| miR-721 | 1.0 ± 0.0 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 2.3 ± 0.2 | 2.7 ± 0.1 | 1.8 ± 0.1 | 1.7 ± 0.2 | TSC1, FMR1, DDX6, RAI2 |
| miR-34b | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 2.1 ± 0.1 | 2.6 ± 0.2 | 1.7 ± 0.2 | 1.6 ± 0.7 | MYCN, SATB2, RRAS, E2F5 |
| miR-541 | 1.0 ± 0.0 | 1.0 ± 0.2 | 2.4 ± 0.2 | 2.8 ± 0.3 | 1.2 ± 0.2 | 1.5 ± 0.4 | STK3, CPEB4, RUNX1, GK5 |
| miR-486 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.0 ± 0.0 | −2.7 ± 0.3 | −2.3 ± 0.2 | 1.6 ± 0.2 | 1.3 ± 0.3 | PTEN, AFF3, DOCK3, FGF9 |
| miR-9 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | −3.0 ± 1.2 | −2.8 ± 1.3 | −1.2 ± 0.0 | −1.1 ± 0.5 | CDH1, TNC, ITGA6, CTNNA1 |
| miR-682 | 1.0 ± 0.2 | 1.0 ± 0.2 | −6.1 ± 0.2 | −6.5 ± 0.5 | −1.3 ± 0.1 | −1.6 ± 0.2 | STK39, ATRN, UBR1, AAK1 |
| miR-381 | 1.0 ± 0.0 | 1.0 ± 0.0 | −15.6 ± 0.4 | −12.5 ± 0.2 | −2.1 ± 0.0 | −1.9 ± 0.6 | STX12, PNN, TET3, LRP6 |
| miR-701 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | −1.3 ± 0.1 | −1.5 ± 0.1 | −2.3 ± 0.5 | −2.7 ± 0.2 | OSR1, ZNF827 |
| miR-706 | 1.0 ± 0.0 | 1.0 ± 0.2 | −2.5 ± 0.2 | −2.7 ± 0.4 | −2.3 ± 0.5 | −2.2 ± 0.3 | ENAH, MTX3, CYC1, PARG |
| let-7b | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.0 ± 0.0 | −1.5 ± 0.1 | −1.8 ± 0.3 | −2.3 ± 0.5 | −2.6 ± 0.4 | IL6, TLR4, RAS, MYC |
| miR-192 | 1.0 ± 0.0 | 1.0 ± 0.0 | −2.4 ± 0.2 | −2.6 ± 0.5 | −4.1 ± 1.6 | −3.6 ± 0.5 | EREG, DICER1, ZEB2, ATF1 |
| miR-487b | 1.0 ± 0.0 | 1.0 ± 0.2 | −1.0 ± 0.2 | −1.1 ± 0.2 | −4.3 ± 0.5 | −4.9 ± 0.1 | NELF, IRS1, ASTN1, EPHA3 |
| let-7d | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.0 ± 0.0 | −1.6 ± 0.3 | −1.3 ± 0.5 | −4.3 ± 0.2 | −4.3 ± 0.2 | LIN28B, HMGA2, GDF6, HIC2 |
| miR-200c | 1.0 ± 0.0 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | −2.4 ± 0.4 | −2.1 ± 0.3 | −7.1 ± 2.5 | −7.2 ± 0.8 | ZEB2, ZEB1, RECK, TIMP2 |
| let-7a | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.0 ± 0.0 | −3.8 ± 0.5 | −3.2 ± 0.2 | −7.0 ± 1.9 | −7.1 ± 0.3 | IL6, TLR4, RAS, MYC |
| miR-676 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.0 ± 0.2 | −2.8 ± 0.2 | −2.4 ± 0.4 | −8.9 ± 3.8 | −9.5 ± 0.6 | PDE4D, BAGE5, IGFBP5, AUP1 |
| miR-211 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.0 ± 0.0 | −16.7 ± 4.0 | −15.4 ± 0.6 | −9.6 ± 0.2 | −9.2 ± 0.2 | EPHA5, SOX4, TCF12, SOS1 |
| miR-503 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.0 ± 0.0 | 1.2 ± 0.1 | 0.8 ± 0.5 | −12.5 ± 1.9 | −12.7 ± 0.7 | MYB, RICTOR, SYT3, CCNE1 |
Values are means ± SD. HVTV, high tidal volume ventilation; miR, microRNA.