Table 5.
Parent-reported ASD-related symptoms in relation to HRQoL scores.
| HUI-3 (n=136) | QWB-SA (n=140) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N (%) | Mean | SD | P value | N (%) | Mean | SD | P value | |
| Language use and understanding | ||||||||
| No Problem | 21 (15) | 0.84 | 0.09 | <.01* | 21 (15) | 0.69 | 0.16 | <.01* |
| Mild Problem | 25 (18) | 0.74 | 0.14 | 25 (18) | 0.60 | 0.13 | ||
| Moderate Problem | 49 (36) | 0.70 | 0.19 | 49 (35) | 0.60 | 0.17 | ||
| Severe Problem | 41 (30) | 0.51 | 0.25 | 45 (32) | 0.51 | 0.13 | ||
|
| ||||||||
| Compulsive behaviors | ||||||||
| No Problem | 41 (30) | 0.72 | 0.19 | 0.04 | 41 (29) | 0.63 | 0.16 | 0.02 |
| Mild Problem | 36 (26) | 0.69 | 0.23 | 36 (26) | 0.58 | 0.13 | ||
| Moderate Problem | 38 (28) | 0.64 | 0.24 | 39 (28) | 0.58 | 0.15 | ||
| Severe Problem | 21 (15) | 0.61 | 0.23 | 24 (17) | 0.53 | 0.19 | ||
|
| ||||||||
| Anxiety | ||||||||
| No Problem | 29 (21) | 0.72 | 0.23 | 0.01* | 30 (21) | 0.66 | 0.15 | 0.01* |
| Mild Problem | 34 (25) | 0.69 | 0.21 | 35 (25) | 0.55 | 0.16 | ||
| Moderate Problem | 46 (34) | 0.65 | 0.24 | 47 (34) | 0.58 | 0.15 | ||
| Severe Problem | 27 (20) | 0.63 | 0.19 | 28 (20) | 0.56 | 0.17 | ||
|
| ||||||||
| Sensory issues | ||||||||
| No Problem | 28 (21) | 0.70 | 0.25 | 0.03 | 28 (20) | 0.67 | 0.18 | 0.03 |
| Mild Problem | 35 (26) | 0.70 | 0.22 | 35 (25) | 0.58 | 0.15 | ||
| Moderate Problem | 48 (35) | 0.65 | 0.20 | 49 (35) | 0.55 | 0.14 | ||
| Severe Problem | 25 (18) | 0.62 | 0.23 | 28 (20) | 0.56 | 0.14 | ||
|
| ||||||||
| Sleep disturbance | ||||||||
| No Problem | 63 (46) | 0.71 | 0.22 | <.01* | 64 (46) | 0.64 | 0.16 | <.01* |
| Mild Problem | 28 (21) | 0.73 | 0.15 | 29 (21) | 0.55 | 0.18 | ||
| Moderate Problem | 26 (19) | 0.55 | 0.26 | 27 (19) | 0.53 | 0.12 | ||
| Severe Problem | 19 (14) | 0.61 | 0.20 | 20 (14) | 0.53 | 0.11 | ||
|
| ||||||||
| Aggression | ||||||||
| No Problem | 75 (55) | 0.69 | 0.21 | 0.12 | 75 (54) | 0.61 | 0.17 | 0.03 |
| Mild Problem | 30 (22) | 0.69 | 0.22 | 32 (23) | 0.57 | 0.14 | ||
| Moderate Problem | 11 (8) | 0.50 | 0.29 | 12 (9) | 0.49 | 0.14 | ||
| Severe Problem | 20 (15) | 0.66 | 0.22 | 21 (15) | 0.55 | 0.14 | ||
|
| ||||||||
| Hyperactivity | ||||||||
| No Problem | 21 (15) | 0.73 | 0.26 | <.01* | 23 (16) | 0.59 | 0.21 | 0.03 |
| Mild Problem | 36 (26) | 0.72 | 0.20 | 36 (26) | 0.61 | 0.15 | ||
| Moderate Problem | 46 (34) | 0.66 | 0.21 | 46 (33) | 0.61 | 0.14 | ||
| Severe Problem | 33 (24) | 0.59 | 0.23 | 35 (25) | 0.52 | 0.15 | ||
|
| ||||||||
| Attention span | ||||||||
| No Problem | 10 (7) | 0.82 | 0.14 | <.01* | 10 (7) | 0.72 | 0.18 | <.01* |
| Mild Problem | 29 (21) | 0.72 | 0.19 | 30 (21) | 0.64 | 0.16 | ||
| Moderate Problem | 47 (35) | 0.69 | 0.24 | 48 (34) | 0.57 | 0.16 | ||
| Severe Problem | 50 (37) | 0.60 | 0.22 | 52 (37) | 0.55 | 0.14 | ||
|
| ||||||||
| Mood swings | ||||||||
| No Problem | 50 (37) | 0.69 | 0.22 | 0.31 | 50 (36) | 0.62 | 0.14 | 0.03 |
| Mild Problem | 43 (32) | 0.66 | 0.24 | 44 (31) | 0.58 | 0.18 | ||
| Moderate Problem | 28 (21) | 0.65 | 0.22 | 29 (21) | 0.54 | 0.14 | ||
| Severe Problem | 15 (11) | 0.67 | 0.21 | 17 (12) | 0.57 | 0.17 | ||
|
| ||||||||
| Eating Habits | ||||||||
| No Problem | 31 (23) | 0.70 | 0.24 | 0.01* | 32 (23) | 0.61 | 0.16 | 0.12 |
| Mild Problem | 27 (20) | 0.72 | 0.17 | 28 (20) | 0.58 | 0.13 | ||
| Moderate Problem | 43 (32) | 0.68 | 0.20 | 44 (31) | 0.61 | 0.15 | ||
| Severe Problem | 35 (26) | 0.59 | 0.26 | 36 (26) | 0.54 | 0.18 | ||
|
| ||||||||
| Social interactions | ||||||||
| No Problem | 19 (14) | 0.71 | 0.26 | 0.03 | 19 (14) | 0.62 | 0.12 | 0.23 |
| Mild Problem | 25 (18) | 0.67 | 0.26 | 25 (18) | 0.56 | 0.17 | ||
| Moderate Problem | 52 (38) | 0.68 | 0.21 | 53 (38) | 0.60 | 0.18 | ||
| Severe Problem | 40 (29) | 0.64 | 0.19 | 43 (31) | 0.57 | 0.14 | ||
|
| ||||||||
| Self-stimulatory and repetitive behaviors | ||||||||
| No Problem | 36 (26) | 0.78 | 0.16 | <.01* | 36 (26) | 0.61 | 0.15 | 0.05 |
| Mild Problem | 34 (25) | 0.75 | 0.15 | 34 (24) | 0.63 | 0.15 | ||
| Moderate Problem | 35 (26) | 0.58 | 0.25 | 36 (26) | 0.54 | 0.16 | ||
| Severe Problem | 31 (23) | 0.57 | 0.23 | 34 (24) | 0.57 | 0.16 | ||
|
| ||||||||
| Self-injurious behavior | ||||||||
| No Problem | 89 (65) | 0.71 | 0.21 | <.01* | 90 (64) | 0.61 | 0.17 | 0.07 |
| Mild Problem | 23 (17) | 0.61 | 0.25 | 24 (17) | 0.56 | 0.12 | ||
| Moderate Problem | 12 (9) | 0.57 | 0.20 | 13 (9) | 0.58 | 0.14 | ||
| Severe Problem | 12 (9) | 0.62 | 0.21 | 13 (9) | 0.49 | 0.14 | ||
|
| ||||||||
| Has lost or seems to be losing skills that he/she previously had ¥ | ||||||||
| No Problem | 103 (76) | 0.70 | 0.21 | <.01* | 103 (74) | 0.61 | 0.16 | <.01* |
| Mild Problem | 21 (16) | 0.64 | 0.19 | 24 (17) | 0.55 | 0.15 | ||
| Moderate Problem | 6 (4) | 0.43 | 0.26 | 6 (4) | 0.47 | 0.20 | ||
| Severe Problem | 5 (4) | 0.49 | 0.26 | 6 (4) | 0.46 | 0.10 | ||
HUI3 = The health utility index Mark 3
QWB-SA = The Quality of Well Being Self-Administered Scale
SD: Standard Deviation
Statistically significant difference among the group, adjusted using Tukey, Ciminera, and Heyse's adjustment for multiple comparisons.