Table 6.
The factors associated with cerebrovasospasm
| |
Vasospasm |
Non-vasospasm |
Pvalue |
|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 131) | (n = 172) | ||
| Sex (male/female) |
61/70 |
70/102 |
0.307 |
| Age (years) |
43.8 ± 12.2 |
43.9 ± 12.5 |
0.973 |
| WFNS score on admission |
3.2 ± 1.1 |
1.7 ± 0.9 |
<0.001 |
| Modified Fisher score on admission |
3.5 ± 1.0 |
2.2 ± 0.6 |
<0.001 |
| Aneurysmal location |
|
|
0.813 |
| Posterior communication artery |
33 (25.2%) |
50 (29.1%) |
|
| Internal carotid artery |
20 (15.3%) |
23 (13.4%) |
|
| Anterior communication artery |
29 (22.1%) |
37 (21.5%) |
|
| Middle cerebral artery |
22 (16.8%) |
23 (13.4%) |
|
| Anterior cerebral artery |
16 (12.2%) |
19 (11.0%) |
|
| Posterior cerebral artery |
7 (5.3%) |
16 (9.3%) |
|
| Vertebral artery |
4 (3.1%) |
4 (2.3%) |
|
| Surgery |
86 (65.5%) |
100 (58.1%) |
0.183 |
| Aneurysmal size (mm) |
9.1 ± 5.7 |
5.8 ± 3.5 |
<0.001 |
| Rebleeding |
10 (7.6%) |
6 (3.5%) |
0.110 |
| Acute hydrocephalus |
71 (54.2%) |
19 (11.0%) |
<0.001 |
| Intracerebral hemorrhage |
26 (19.9%) |
13 (7.6%) |
0.002 |
| Intraventricular hemorrhage |
52 (39.7%) |
20 (11.6%) |
<0.001 |
| External ventricular drain |
90 (68.7%) |
19 (11.0%) |
<0.001 |
| Admission time (hours) |
4.5 ± 3.4 |
4.9 ± 3.8 |
0.342 |
| Seizure |
17 (13.0%) |
27 (15.7%) |
0.505 |
| Systolic arterial pressure (mmHg) |
134.2 ± 23.6 |
128.7 ± 21.2 |
0.033 |
| Diastolic arterial pressure (mmHg) |
81.1 ± 15.1 |
77.5 ± 13.8 |
0.031 |
| Mean arterial pressure (mmHg) |
98.8 ± 16.1 |
94.6 ± 15.3 |
0.020 |
| Plasma C-reactive protein level (mg/L) |
7.9 ± 3.0 |
6.6 ± 2.4 |
<0.001 |
| plasma D-dimer level (mg/L) |
2.2 ± 1.1 |
1.9 ± 0.9 |
0.011 |
| Plasma HMGB1 level (ng/mL) | 10.6 ± 3.4 | 7.0 ± 2.9 | <0.001 |
Numerical variables are presented as mean ± standard deviation. Categorical variables are expressed as counts (percentage). Numerical variables were analyzed by Mann–Whitney U-test or unpaired Student t test. Categorical variables were analyzed by chi-square test or Fisher exact test. HMGB1, high mobility group box-1; n, number of patients; WFNS, World Federation of Neurological Surgeons.