Table 2. Means and Cohen's d-scores for measures in Study 1.
Means | Cohen's d-score for Libertarians Compared to Liberals | Cohen's d-score for Libertarians Compared to Conservatives | |||||||||||||
Scale | Libertarians | Liberals | Conservatives | Overall | Men | Women | Overall | Men | Women | ||||||
Moral Foundations Questionnaire | |||||||||||||||
Harm | 2.73 | 3.68 | 3.03 | −1.15 | ** | −1.07 | ** | −0.94 | ** | −0.34 | ** | −0.23 | ** | −0.35 | ** |
Fairness | 3.09 | 3.76 | 3.02 | −0.96 | ** | −0.95 | ** | −0.87 | ** | 0.08 | ** | 0.13 | ** | 0.06 | |
Ingroup | 2.25 | 2.14 | 3.12 | 0.13 | ** | 0.10 | ** | 0.16 | ** | −1.05 | ** | −1.07 | ** | −1.03 | ** |
Authority | 2.16 | 2.12 | 3.32 | 0.06 | ** | 0.04 | * | 0.11 | ** | −1.42 | ** | −1.44 | ** | −1.35 | ** |
Purity | 1.35 | 1.37 | 3.00 | −0.02 | 0.02 | 0.06 | −1.57 | ** | −1.51 | ** | −1.61 | ** | |||
Schwartz Values Scale | |||||||||||||||
Achievement | 4.35 | 4.25 | 4.37 | 0.10 | * | 0.14 | ** | 0.00 | −0.02 | −0.01 | −0.08 | ||||
Benevolence | 4.01 | 4.65 | 4.53 | −0.62 | ** | −0.51 | ** | −0.63 | ** | −0.50 | ** | −0.44 | ** | −0.54 | ** |
Conformity | 2.86 | 2.96 | 4.18 | −0.08 | −0.03 | −0.11 | −1.04 | ** | −1.01 | ** | −1.09 | ** | |||
Hedonism | 3.97 | 3.81 | 3.14 | 0.11 | ** | 0.06 | 0.12 | 0.55 | ** | 0.60 | ** | 0.43 | ** | ||
Power | 1.85 | 1.78 | 2.29 | 0.06 | 0.04 | 0.02 | −0.34 | ** | −0.34 | ** | −0.37 | ** | |||
Security | 3.52 | 3.60 | 4.30 | −0.08 | −0.01 | −0.08 | −0.79 | ** | −0.75 | ** | −0.83 | ** | |||
Self-Direction | 5.36 | 5.13 | 4.79 | 0.27 | ** | 0.29 | ** | 0.24 | ** | 0.61 | ** | 0.61 | ** | 0.61 | ** |
Stimulation | 3.39 | 3.42 | 2.83 | −0.02 | −0.06 | 0.00 | 0.34 | ** | 0.33 | ** | 0.37 | ** | |||
Tradition | 1.73 | 1.93 | 3.23 | −0.16 | ** | −0.13 | ** | −0.21 | ** | −1.15 | ** | −1.12 | ** | −1.23 | ** |
Universalism | 3.65 | 4.84 | 3.51 | −1.06 | ** | −1.03 | ** | −0.88 | ** | 0.12 | ** | 0.13 | * | 0.26 | * |
Ethics Position Questionnaire | |||||||||||||||
Idealism | 2.78 | 3.29 | 2.96 | −0.64 | ** | −0.53 | ** | −0.62 | ** | −0.21 | ** | −0.07 | −0.38 | ** | |
Relativism | 3.06 | 3.27 | 2.49 | −0.25 | ** | −0.27 | ** | −0.09 | 0.58 | ** | 0.61 | ** | 0.63 | ** | |
Adapted Good Self Scale | |||||||||||||||
Moral Traits | 2.84 | 3.24 | 3.28 | −0.73 | ** | −0.71 | ** | −0.60 | −0.76 | ** | −0.61 | * | −1.07 | ** | |
Pragmatic Traits | 3.04 | 3.03 | 3.07 | 0.02 | 0.00 | 0.20 | −0.06 | 0.00 | −0.10 | ||||||
Liberty Foundation | |||||||||||||||
Lifestyle Liberty | 4.47 | 3.89 | 3.51 | 0.81 | ** | 0.80 | ** | 0.72 | ** | 1.19 | ** | 1.16 | ** | 1.16 | ** |
Economic Liberty | 4.27 | 2.32 | 3.88 | 2.56 | ** | 2.65 | ** | 2.40 | ** | 0.52 | ** | 0.45 | ** | 0.57 | ** |
Note:
p<.01,
p<.001 (two tailed).