Figure 1. Highlights on Th17 cells as a major cellular platform for antifungal defense and vaccination.
a) PRR, pattern recognition receptors such as Toll-like receptors, Dectin-1, mannose receptors and others. They can differ between DC and macrophages and be differently involved in recognition of different fungal PAMP (Beta-glucan, mannoproteins, GXM, etc) expressed on fungal surface.
b and c) Various mechanisms, often interrelated and involving transcription factors, inflammation activation and cytokines such as type 1-IFN. IL-10, IL-12, IL-23 and others depending on signaling cascade. IL-23 is particularly critical for Th17 expansion
d) IL-17 isoforms IL-17 A and IL-17F
e) Antifungal defensins, chemokines, inflammatory cytokines, PMN (neutrophils)