Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Oct 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Abnorm Child Psychol. 2012 Oct;40(7):1045–1058. doi: 10.1007/s10802-012-9626-7

Table 2.

Descriptive statistics and correlations among measures for alcohol model

Adolescence
Early adulthood
Participant substance use (adolescence)
Participant effortful control
Friends’ support for substance use
Frequency of use
Symptoms of abuse/dependence
Grade 6-Alc Grade 7-Alc Grade 8-Alc Grade 9-Alc Grade 11-Alc Partic.- EFC Parent- EFC Teach.- EFC Partic.- FSU Friend- FSU Drug Talk Age 22- Alc Freq. Age 23- Alc Freq. Age 22- Alc Sx Age 23- Alc Sx
Grade 6-Alc –
Grade 7-Alc 0.24 –
Grade 8-Alc 0.26 0.43 –
Grade 9-Alc 0.03ns 0.18 0.30 –
Grade 11-Alc 0.08* 0.21 0.23 0.30 –
Partic.-EFC −0.09* −0.11* −0.13 −0.10** −0.18 –
Parent-EFC −0.05ns −0.11* −0.11** −0.08* −0.13 0.34 –
Teach.-EFC −0.03ns −0.04ns −0.03ns −0.08* −0.07ns 0.20 0.41 –
Partic.-FSU 0.09* 0.14 0.16 0.23 0.52 −0.20 −0.13** −0.08* –
Friend-FSU 0.06ns 0.05ns 0.07ns 0.06ns 0.25 −0.07ns −0.12** −0.04ns 0.26 –
Drug Talk 0.07ns 0.10** 0.18 0.15 0.39 −0.12** −0.17 −0.14 0.37 0.52 –
Age 22-Alc Freq. 0.03ns 0.08* 0.05ns 0.07ns 0.27 −0.08* −0.05ns 0.06ns 0.25 0.14 0.17 –
Age 23-Alc Freq. 0.02ns 0.05ns 0.09* 0.05ns 0.25 −0.03ns −0.05ns 0.05ns 0.17 0.16 0.15 0.61 –
Age 22-Alc Sx 0.08* 0.10** 0.17 0.13 0.32 −0.21 −0.13** −0.03ns 0.32 0.22 0.22 0.42 0.35 –
Age 23-Alc Sx. 0.08* 0.14 0.12** 0.13 0.31 −0.17 −0.12** −0.03ns 0.30 0.23 0.23 0.45 0.43 0.60 –
MEAN 0.55 0.61 0.65 0.69 0.93 3.35 3.30 3.72 1.28 0.74 2.40 3.16 3.21 1.34 1.42
SD 1.76 1.69 1.82 1.99 1.46 0.48 0.54 0.79 1.43 1.06 1.32 2.13 2.18 1.09 1.07
Skew/Kurtosis 4.83/25.92 3.90/16.98 4.04/18.09 3.94/17.12 1.60/1.56 0.26/0.34 −0.20/−0.03 −0.18/−0.56 0.99/0.15 1.01/−0.26 0.93/0.06 −0.01/−0.97 −0.02/−0.98 0.81/0.26 0.68/0.11
Post-Log Trans. Skew/Kurtosis 2.68/7.10 2.28/4.56 2.26/4.45 2.31/4.48 0.97/−0.49 n/a n/a n/a 0.34/−1.32 n/a 0.40/−0.98 −0.78/−0.71 −0.78/−0.74 −0.06/−0.91 −0.20/−0.82

Alc = Alcohol; Partic. = Participant report; Parent = Parent report; Teach. = Teacher report; EFC = Effortful Control; Friend = Friend report; FSU = Friend Substance Use; Freq. = Frequency; Sx = Symptoms of abuse/dependence

All correlations are significant at p<0.001 except when otherwise specified.

**

p<0.01,

*

p<0.05,

ns

p>0.05