. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2012 Aug 22.

Published in final edited form as: Med Clin North Am. 2010 May;94(3):447–464. doi: 10.1016/j.mcna.2010.02.009

Table 3.

Principal mechanisms contributing to SDB in CHF

Central Sleep Apnea	Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Pulmonary vagal afferent receptor stimulation¹⁹	Obesity
Increased central chemoresponsiveness¹⁷	Reduced neural output to upper airway muscles²⁶
Abnormal cerebrovascular reactivity to	Pharyngeal edema²⁷
PCO₂²³	Upper airway anatomic abnormalities