Table 1.
ST enzymes and assay methods
| Enzyme | Substrate/acceptor | Detected product | Assay method | Km |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Human cytosol-localized | ||||
| Aryl sulfotransferase IV (AST-IV) | Aryl alcohol | O-Sulfated ester, PAPS* | P* | 26.4 μmol L−1 |
| N-deacetylase/N-sulfotransferase (NDST-1) | -GlcAβ1-4GlcNα1-4- | -GlcAβ1-4GlcNSα1-4-, PAPS* | R* | 1.0 μmol L−1 |
| Phenol sulfotransferase (SULT1A1) | Phenol, PAP | Sulfated phenol, PAPS*, 4-methylumbelliferone (MU) | P*, F | 0.84 μmol L−1 |
| Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfotransferase (DHEA-ST: SULT2A1) | DHEA | DHEAS, PAPS* | F* | 4.7 μmol L−1 |
| Monoamine-preferring phenol ST (SULT-1A3) | Dopamine, catecholamine, phenol | Dopamine sulfate, sulfated phenol, PAPS* | F* | 6.8 μmol L−1 |
| Estrogen ST (SULT-1E1) | Estrogen, 1-hydroxypyrene | Estrogen sulfate, pyrene-1-sulfate*, PAPS | F* | 6.4 nmol L−1 |
| Human Golgi-localized | ||||
| Chondroitin 4-sulfotransferase (C4ST) | GlcAβ1-3GalNAcβ1-4 | GlcAβ1-3GalNAc(4S)β1-4 | R | n.r. |
| Chondroitin 6-sulfotransferase (C6ST) | NeuAcα1-3 Galβ1-4GlcNAc- | NeuAcα1-3 Gal (6S)β1-4GlcNAc- | R | n.r. |
| NeuAcα1-3 Galβ1-4GlcNAc(6S) | NeuAcα1-3 Gal(6S)β1-4GlcNAc(6S) | R | n.r. | |
| Heparan sulfate 2-sulfotransferase (HS2ST) | -IdoAα1-4GlcNSα1-4 | -IdoA(2S)-GlcNS_α1-4 | R | n.r. |
| Tyrosylprotein sulfotransferase (TPST), TPST-1, TPST-2 | Tyrosine within highly acidic motif of polypeptide/protein | Tyrosine-sulfated protein | R, M* | 21 mmol L−1 |
| High endothelial cell-GlcNAc6-O-ST (HEC-GlcNAc6ST: LSST) | 6-OH of GlcNAc | 6-Sulfo sialyl Lewis X, PAPS* | R* | 3.3 μmol L−1 |
| Bacteria | ||||
| N-acetyl glucosamine (GlcNAc)-6-sulfotransferase (GlcNAc-6-O-ST: NodST) | Chitobiose | 6-O-Sulfochitobiose, PAPS* | R*, M* | 4.3 μmol L−1, 6.7 μmol L−1 |
| Mycobacterial carbohydrate sulfotransferase (StfO) | Trehalose | Trehalose-2-sulfate | M* | 15 mmol L−1 |
R, radiometric assay; P, photometric assay; F, fluorimetric assay, M, mass spectrometric assay; n.r., not reported
*
Km values reported for substrate and assay methods are indicated with an asterisk