TABLE 2.

Maternal characteristics associated with gestational weight gain

Characteristic	Weight loss, n (%)	Weight gain < IOM guidelines, n (%)	Weight gain within IOM guidelines, n (%)	Weight gain > IOM guidelines, n (%)
Parity
Multiparous (n = 1958)	209 (10.7)	465 (23.8)	518 (26.5)	766 (39.1)
Nulliparous (n = 352)	32 (9.1)	72 (20.5)	76 (21.6)	172 (48.9)
Ethnicity
White (n = 292)	32 (11.0)	63 (21.6)	81 (27.4)	116 (39.7)
Black (n = 136)	11 (8.1)	30 (22.1)	26 (19.1)	69 (50.7)
Latina (n = 1620)	179 (11.1)	381 (23.5)	418 (25.8)	642 (39.6)
Asian (n = 231)	15 (6.5)	58 (25.1)	57 (24.7)	101 (43.7)
Maternal age, y
<35 (n = 1418)	153 (10.8)	297 (20.9)	357 (25.2)	611 (43.1)
≥35 (n = 767)	71 (9.3)	210 (27.4)	206 (26.9)	280 (36.5)
Education
≤12th grade (n = 1541)	164 (10.6)	356 (23.1)	379 (24.6)	642 (41.7)
≥Some college (n = 557)	59 (10.6)	142 (25.5)	148 (26.6)	208 (37.3)

IOM, Institute of Medicine.