TABLE 4.

Multivariable analysis of adverse perinatal outcomes associated with gestational weight gain according to 2009 IOM guidelines

aOR (95% CI)	Weight gain < IOM guidelines	Weight gain > IOM guidelines
All cesarean	1.10 (0.69–1.74)	1.47 (1.03–2.10)
Primary cesarean	1.49 (0.83–2.68)	1.62 (1.03–2.57)
Birthweight >4000 g	1.28 (0.66–2.48)	2.59 (1.56–4.30)
LGA >90th percentile	0.85 (0.49–1.48)	2.00 (1.33–3.00)
SGA <10th percentile	1.95 (0.80–4.74)	0.94 (0.43–2.07)
NICU admission	1.89 (0.67–5.38)	1.14 (0.53–2.47)
IUFD	9.18 (0.60–141.39)	1.10 (0.07–16.66)

Referent is women with weight gain within IOM guidelines.

aOR, adjusted odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; IOM, Institute of Medicine; IUFD, intrauterine fetal demise; LGA, large-for-gestational-age; NICU, neonatal intensive care unit; SGA, small-for-gestational-age.