Table 4.

HRs for main childhood cancers according to the Apgar score at 5 min

Cancer type	Apgar score	Cancer cases (rate per 1000)	Crude HR (95% CI)	Adjusted HR† (95% CI)
Leukaemia	0–5	13 (0.4)	1.03 (0.60 to 1.79)	1.05 (0.61 to 1.81)
	6–8	71 (0.5)	1.02 (0.81 to 1.29)	1.02 (0.80 to 1.29)
	9–10	2122 (0.5)	1.0 (ref)	1.0 (ref)
Lymphomas	0–5	3 (0.1)	0.84 (0.27 to 2.60)	0.73 (0.23 to 2.27)
	6–8	12 (0.1)	0.62 (0.35 to 1.09)	0.51 (0.29 to 0.90)
	9–10	598 (0.1)	1.0 (ref)	1.0 (ref)
Central nervous system cancers	0–5	21 (0.6)	1.24 (0.78 to 1.98)	1.22 (0.77 to 1.94)
	6–8	104 (0.7)	1.29 (1.06 to 1.57)*	1.26 (1.03 to 1.54)*
	9–10	2432 (0.5)	1.0 (ref)	1.0 (ref)
Retinoblastoma	0–5	3 (0.1)	2.20 (0.70 to 6.84)	2.03 (0.64 to 6.39)
	6–8	4 (<0.05)	0.52 (0.19 to 1.39)	0.48 (0.18 to 1.28)
	9–10	240 (0.1)	1.0 (ref)	1.0 (ref)
Wilms’ tumour	0–5	12 (0.4)	4.62 (2.61 to 8.20)*	4.33 (2.42 to 7.73)*
	6–8	18 (0.1)	1.24 (0.77 to 1.99)	1.16 (0.72 to 1.87)
	9–10	444 (0.1)	1.0 (ref)	1.0 (ref)
Hepatoblastoma	0–5	1 (<0.05)	1.78 (0.25 to 12.76)	1.51 (0.21 to 10.96)
	6–8	4 (<0.05)	1.27 (0.47 to 3.44)	1.06 (0.39 to 2.92)
	9–10	96 (<0.05)	1.0 (ref)	1.0 (ref)
Bone cancer	0–5	3 (0.1)	2.25 (0.72 to 7.02)	2.05 (0.65 to 6.45)
	6–8	6 (<0.05)	0.85 (0.38 to 1.90)	0.79 (0.35 to 1.80)
	9–10	220 (0.1)	1.0 (ref)	1.0 (ref)
Testicular cancer	0–5	0 (0)	–	–
	6–8	4 (<0.05)	2.08 (0.76 to 5.75)	1.89 (0.68 to 5.25)
	9–10	59 (<0.05)	1.0 (ref)	1.0 (ref)

*p<0.05.

†Adjusted for country, sex, maternal factors at child birth (age, education and smoking during pregnancy) and birth characteristics of the child (birth weight, gestational age and birth order).