Table 1.

Summary of Hippo pathway Components in Drosophila

Drosophila Protein	Vertebrate homologues	Protein type or motifs	Role
Fat Pathway
Dachsous (Ds)	Dchs1, 2	Atypical Cadherin	Ligand for Fat
Fat	Fat4	Atypical Cadherin	Receptor
Lowfat (Lft)	Lix1, Lix1L	novel	Levels of Fat & Ds
Four-jointed (Fj)	Fjx1	Golgi-localized kinase	Phosphorylates Fat & Ds cadherin domains
Discs overgrown (Dco)	CK1δ, ε	CK1 family Kinase	Phosphorylates Fat cytoplasmic domain
Dachs	?	Unconventional Myosin	Transduces Signal from Fat to Wts
Approximated (App)	ZDHHC’s	Palmitoyltransferase	Dachs membrane localization
Zyx102 (Zyx)	Zyxin, Lpp, Trip6	LIM domains	Interacts with Wts
Ex-Mer complex
Crumbs (Crb)	Crb1-3	Transmembrane, EGF domains	Receptor
Expanded (Ex)	FRMD6 (Willin)	FERM, PPXY domains	Regulates Hpo
Merlin (Mer)	Merlin	FERM domain	Regulates Hpo
Kibra (Kbr)	Kibra	WW, C2 domains	Regulates Hpo
Kinase Cassette
Hippo (Hpo)	Mst1,2	Sterile-20 family Ser/Thr kinase	Phosphorylates Wts
Salvador (Sav)	WW45	WW, SARAH domains	Scaffolding protein
Warts (Wts)	Lats1,2	NDR family Ser/Thr kinase	Phosphorylates Yki
Mob as tumour suppressor (Mats)	Mob1,2	NDR kinase family co- factor	Promotes Wts activity
Other regulators
RASSF	RASSF1-6	Ras-association and SARAH domains	Scaffolding protein?
PP2A (STRIPAK)	PP2A (STRIPAK)	phosphatase	Inhibits Hpo activity
Jub	Ajuba, Limd1, Wtip	LIM domains	Inhibits Wts activation
Lgl	Lgl	WD40 motif	Scaffolding protein?
Jnk	Jnk	Kinase	Activates Yki (indirectly?)
Myopic (Mop)	HD-PTP	Phosphatase, PPXY, Bro motifs	Binds and inhibits Yki
Transcription Factors
Yorkie (Yki)	Yap, Taz	WW domains	Transcriptional co-activator
Wpb2	Wpb2	PPXY motifs	Transcriptional co-activator
Scalloped (Sd)	TEAD/TEF 1-4	TEA-domain	DNA binding
Mad	Smad	MH domains	DNA binding
Homothorax (Hth)	Meis1-3	Homeodomain	DNA binding
Teashirt (Tsh)	Tshz1-3	Zn-finger	DNA binding