Table 2.

Challenges and opportunities for relapse after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Therapeutic constraints after transplant	Opportunities after transplant
Poor hematopoietic reserve limits the use of cytotoxic drugs	Established donor immune system (platform for cellular immunotherapy)
Impaired performance status	Induction of graft-versus-leukemia by immunosuppression taper
Transplant as an exclusion for clinical trial access to investigational agents	Homeostatic expansion of immune cells: donor lymphocyte infusion, ex vivo expanded cytotoxic T-cell lymphoma and natural killer cells
Intrinsic resistance malignancy	Vaccination strategies