Table 6.

Variable definitions and descriptive statistics (weighted) for labor market and individual covariates

	Variable definition	Mean	Group with lowest mean		Group with largest mean
LM out-migration, 1995–2000	Dummy variable = 1 if foreign born aged 25–59 migrated from one LM to another between 1995 and 2000 and moved a distance of at least 50 miles	10.44	Ecuador	6.04	India	17.77
College or more	Dummy variable = 1 if individual had a college degree or higher level of education, 2000	0.20	Mexico	0.04	Taiwan	0.70
High school grad or some college	Dummy variable = 1 if individual had a high school degree or some college education, 2000	0.36	India	0.22	Peru	0.62
Less than high school	Dummy variable = 1 if individual did not have a high school degree, 2000	0.44	Taiwan	0.05	Mexico	0.69
Speaks English only or very well	Dummy variable = 1 if individual speaks English only or speaks English very well, 2000	0.42	Mexico	0.27	Jamaica	0.98
Speaks English well	Dummy variable = 1 if individual speaks English well, 2000	0.25	Jamaica	0.01	Taiwan	0.4
Speaks English poorly or not at all	Dummy variable = 1 if individual speaks English poorly or not at all, 2000	0.33	Jamaica	0.00	Mexico	0.48
Citizen	Dummy variable = 1 if individual is a naturalized citizen, 2000	0.45	Guatemala	0.29	Taiwan	0.73
National origin	Dummy variables for 24 national origin groups = 1 based on immigrant's country of birth	–	Brazil	0.01	Mexico	0.40
Age at U.S. entry	Continuous variable that indicates the age at which immigrant entered the USA	22.10	Canada	17.81	Peru	25.29
Years in USA	Continuous variable that expresses the difference between immigrant's current age and age of U.S. entry	17.40	Honduras	14.39	Canada	25.85
National origin	Dummy variables for 24 national origin groups = 1 according to individual's country of birth, 2000	–	Brazil	0.01	Mexico	0.40
Sex	Dummy variable = 1 if sex is male	0.51	Korea	0.40	Pakistan	0.61

LM aggregate context			LoC_LoG	LoC_HiG	HiC_HiG	HiC_LoG
LM group size, 1995	Count of each group in each LM in 1995 (log).	380,411	4,754	12,145	149,708	694,642
LM 1990–2000 employment change	Percent change in native-born employment between 1990 and 2000 for each LM (log)	1.45	5.18	10.98	4.17	–3.62
LM average 1990 wage	Mean annual wage income for those who worked at least 45 weeks in 1989 (log)	41,241	37,484	35,544	41,321	43,159
LM average rent	Mean monthly rent from 1990 Census (log)	633	534	498	620	706