Table 7.
Logistic regressions for 24 foreign-born origin groups of labor market migration on destination categories, economic context, nativity concentration, and individual characteristics (odds ratios)
| Mexico | Cuba | Salvador | DR | Colombia | Guatemala | Ecuador | Honduras | Peru | Nicaragua | Brazil | Philippines | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Origin group context | ||||||||||||
| LM emerging destinations | 0.799 | 0.777* | 1.037 | 1.782 | 1.057 | 1.047 | 1.083 | 1.195 | 0.907 | 0.909 | 1.469* | 1.057 |
| LM new destinations | 0.824 | 0.699* | 1.001 | 1.363 | 1.518* | 0.889 | 0.971 | 1.128 | 0.886 | 0.735 | 1.256 | 1.139 |
| LM influx destinations | 0.787** | 0.535* | 0.895 | 0.910 | 0.842 | 0.882 | 0.815 | 0.891 | 0.821* | 0.803 | 0.939 | 1.009 |
| LM group size (log) | 1.125 | 1.035 | 5.817*** | 0.694 | 1.095 | 0.417 | 0.788 | 1.280 | 2.059 | 8.917*** | 2.972 | 1.173 |
| LM group size squared | 1.020*** | 0.997 | 1.016* | 1.041 | 0.996 | 1.039*** | 1.030** | 1.023 | 1.003 | 0.995 | 0.996 | 1.005 |
| Economic context | ||||||||||||
| LM average wage (log) | 6.035** | 0.558 | 7.674 | 6.112 | 0.218 | 1.916 | 1.204 | 0.879 | 0.670 | 1.298 | 0.469 | 0.957 |
| LM NB employment change, 1990–2000 (log) | 1.671 | 0.834 | 2.215 | 0.110 | 0.607 | 0.389 | 0.209 | 0.964 | 1.341 | 5.830* | 1.495 | 0.791 |
| Individual characteristics | ||||||||||||
| College education or more | 3.802*** | 1.336 | 5.096*** | 1.375 | 1.753** | 4.086*** | 0.990 | 3.170*** | 2.116** | 3.193*** | 1.608 | 1.962*** |
| Male | 1.276*** | 1.138** | 1.127*** | 1.145*** | 1.104*** | 1.176*** | 0.968 | 1.267*** | 1.175** | 1.054 | 1.115* | 0.981 |
| Age at U.S. arrival | 0.973*** | 0.970*** | 0.977*** | 0.983*** | 0.967*** | 0.980*** | 0.978*** | 0.974*** | 0.968*** | 0.969*** | 0.973*** | 0.948*** |
| Years in U.S. | 0.938*** | 0.934*** | 0.918*** | 0.990 | 0.932*** | 0.932*** | 0.992 | 0.957** | 0.931*** | 0.926*** | 0.942*** | 0.923*** |
| Years in U.S. squared | 1.001*** | 1.001** | 1.001*** | 1.000 | 1.001** | 1.001* | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.001** | 1.001** | 1.000 | 1.001*** |
| Citizen | 0.826*** | 0.700*** | 0.863** | 0.890 | 0.853** | 0.899 | 0.954 | 0.751*** | 0.820** | 0.930 | 0.971 | 0.739*** |
| Speaks English only or very well | 1.063** | 1.018 | 1.117* | 1.244*** | 1.209*** | 1.096 | 1.233* | 1.218*** | 1.381*** | 1.307*** | 1.319*** | 1.332*** |
| Interaction terms | ||||||||||||
| LM wages × LM group size | 0.795*** | 0.964 | 0.566*** | 0.596* | 1.072 | 0.797 | 0.675* | 0.859 | 0.811 | 0.710* | 0.877 | 0.836* |
| LM employment change × LM group size | 0.900** | 0.958 | 0.691*** | 1.051 | 0.929 | 1.106 | 1.025 | 0.876 | 0.834 | 0.621*** | 0.768 | 0.960 |
| College (individual) × LM group size | 0.927*** | 1.003 | 0.881* | 1.005 | 0.976 | 0.910* | 1.040 | 0.912** | 0.962 | 0.930* | 1.009 | 0.950*** |
| Observations | 678,000 | 50,783 | 67,791 | 49,984 | 32,670 | 35,564 | 21,491 | 19,069 | 19,899 | 16,017 | 11,081 | 108,460 |
| Log likelihood | –199560*** | –12404*** | –17165*** | –12193*** | –10336*** | –10593*** | –4570*** | –6286*** | –5396*** | –3882 | –3875 | –32657 |
| China | India | Vietnam | Korea | Taiwan | Iran | Pakistan | Laos | Jamaica | Haiti | Guyana | Canada | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Origin group context | ||||||||||||
| LM emerging destinations | 1.337 | 1.157 | 0.978 | 0.994 | 0.936 | 1.056 | 1.391* | 0.912 | 1.781*** | 1.514 | 1.532* | 0.997 |
| LM new destinations | 1.373* | 0.978 | 0.895 | 0.997 | 0.767* | 0.939 | 1.463** | 0.874 | 2.005*** | 1.514 | 1.567* | 1.178 |
| LM influx destinations | 1.350* | 0.843 | 0.768** | 0.830** | 0.716* | 0.965 | 1.102 | 0.839 | 1.117 | 0.965 | 1.557** | 1.056 |
| LM group size (log) | 2.619 | 2.357 | 1.023 | 0.728 | 1.264 | 0.601 | 3.024 | 5.209 | 0.280* | 0.249* | 1.356 | 0.980 |
| LM group size squared | 0.998 | 0.986 | 1.021* | 0.977*** | 0.991 | 0.980* | 0.990 | 1.035* | 0.991 | 1.031* | 1.006 | 0.999 |
| Economic context | ||||||||||||
| LM average wage (log) | 0.398 | 0.773 | 3.785 | 0.298 | 5.083 | 0.244 | 0.0341* | 10.840 | 0.001*** | 0.071 | 0.105 | 0.939 |
| LM NB employment change, 1990–2000 (log) | 1.935 | 2.103 | 0.468 | 0.227*** | 0.418 | 0.343 | 3.472 | 2.080 | 0.176 | 0.0938* | 0.500 | 1.165 |
| Individual characteristics | ||||||||||||
| College education or more | 3.566*** | 3.131*** | 7.577*** | 4.114*** | 2.725*** | 1.235 | 1.515 | 5.815*** | 3.232*** | 3.670*** | 1.875* | 2.930*** |
| Male | 1.093* | 1.285*** | 1.080** | 1.064* | 1.136*** | 1.111* | 1.084* | 1.075* | 0.990 | 1.092** | 1.011 | 1.018 |
| Age at U.S. arrival | 0.957*** | 0.937*** | 0.955*** | 0.941*** | 0.924*** | 0.945*** | 0.961*** | 0.965*** | 0.954*** | 0.962*** | 0.958*** | 0.958*** |
| Years in U.S. | 0.910*** | 0.869*** | 0.939*** | 0.914*** | 0.892*** | 0.919*** | 0.909*** | 0.911*** | 0.946*** | 0.938*** | 0.977 | 0.907*** |
| Years in U.S. squared | 1.000 | 1.002*** | 1.001 | 1.000** | 1.001* | 1.001* | 1.001 | 1.001** | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.001*** |
| Citizen | 0.532*** | 0.649*** | 0.738*** | 0.833*** | 0.660*** | 0.744*** | 0.771*** | 0.776*** | 0.919 | 0.820** | 0.711*** | 0.928* |
| Speaks English only or very well | 1.306*** | 1.200*** | 1.196*** | 1.151** | 0.947 | 1.154* | 1.401*** | 1.117 | 1.205 | 0.991 | 1.115 | 1.332** |
| Interaction terms | ||||||||||||
| LM wages × LM group size | 0.744 | 0.850 | 0.660** | 0.947 | 0.631* | 1.079 | 1.080 | 0.529** | 1.937*** | 1.178 | 0.875 | 1.004 |
| LM employment change × LM group size | 0.829 | 0.861 | 1.005 | 1.158** | 1.067 | 1.106 | 0.742* | 0.700 | 1.111 | 1.138 | 0.903 | 0.977 |
| College (individual) × LM group size | 0.970 | 0.947* | 0.864*** | 0.912*** | 0.954 | 1.040 | 1.022 | 0.841*** | 0.926** | 0.905** | 0.971 | 0.924** |
| Observations | 78,223 | 68,616 | 84,844 | 60,881 | 26,886 | 22,882 | 15,179 | 19,636 | 40,028 | 30,182 | 16,172 | 51,622 |
| Log likelihood | –23693 | –27993 | –26258 | –21837 | –9192 | –6554 | –6011 | –7820 | –10991 | –7835 | –3538 | –21109 |
*
p < 0.05
**
p < 0.01
***
p < 0.001