Table 1. Comparison of baseline characteristics between patients with and without difference in systolic blood pressure between arms of 10 mmHg or more.
| Characteristics | All patients (n = 1120) | Difference <10 (n = 1040) | Difference ≥10 (n = 80) |
| Difference in systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 3 (2–5) | 3 (1–5) | 12 (10–14.75)** |
| Age (year) | 60.8±13.7 | 60.7±13.8 | 62.1±13.1 |
| Male gender (%) | 56.8 | 58.4 | 36.3** |
| Smoking history (%) | 14.9 | 15.1 | 12.9 |
| Diabetes mellitus (%) | 27.5 | 27.5 | 27.5 |
| Hypertension (%) | 69.0 | 67.8 | 85.0* |
| Coronary artery disease (%) | 18.5 | 18.5 | 17.9 |
| Cerebrovascular disease (%) | 5.5 | 5.7 | 3.2 |
| Mean arterial pressure (mmHg) | 116.4±17.1 | 116.0±17.1 | 120.9±16.8* |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 26.0±3.9 | 25.9±3.8 | 27.9±5.2* |
| ABI<0.9 (%) | 5.4 | 4.8 | 13.8* |
| baPWV (cm/s) | 1755.4±448.0 | 1747.9±452.1 | 1852.8±379.7* |
| Laboratory parameters | |||
| Albumin (g/dL) | 4.1±0.6 | 4.1±0.6 | 4.2±0.4 |
| Fasting glucose (mg/dL) | 113.5±40.0 | 113.1±39.1 | 119.0±49.3 |
| Triglyceride (mg/dL) | 124 (85.75–184.25) | 124 (85–185) | 125.5 (84–180.75) |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 192.3±43.8 | 191.6±44.0 | 201.1±40.8 |
| Hematocrit (%) | 40.4±6.2 | 40.5±6.3 | 39.8±5.2 |
| Basline eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 58.2±19.6 | 58.3±19.5 | 56.3±20.5 |
| Uric acid (mg/dL) | 6.8±2.1 | 6.8±2.1 | 6.9±2.1 |
| Medications | |||
| Aspirin use (%) | 31.7 | 32.2 | 25.8 |
| ACEI and/or ARB use (%) | 55.2 | 55.1 | 57.5 |
| Non-ACEI/ARB antihypertensive drug use (%) | 69.2 | 68.8 | 73.8 |
| Statin use (%) | 19.9 | 19.9 | 21.0 |
| Echocardiographic data | |||
| LAVI (ml/m2) | 35.0±15.2 | 34.9±15.3 | 37.1±14.7 |
| LV relative wall thickness | 0.39±0.20 | 0.39±0.20 | 0.40±0.09 |
| LVMI (g/m2) | 134.8±45.4 | 134.0±44.7 | 145.3±52.9* |
| LV geometry | |||
| non-LVH | 34.1 | 35.1 | 21.3* |
| concentric remodeling | 6.3 | 6.3 | 7.5 |
| eccentric LVH | 45.8 | 45.6 | 48.8 |
| concentric LVH | 13.8 | 13.1 | 22.5* |
| LVEF (%) | 63.1±13.2 | 63.1±13.2 | 63.6±13.9 |
| E/A | 1.01±0.50 | 1.01±0.50 | 0.96±0.50 |
| Ea (cm/s) | 8.7±3.4 | 8.8±3.4 | 8.0±2.9 |
| E/Ea | 9.7±5.2 | 9.6±5.1 | 10.5±6.0 |
| E-wave deceleration time (ms) | 202.6±63.8 | 201.9±63.9 | 212.1±62.4 |
Abbreviations. ABI, ankle-brachial index; baPWV, brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; ACEI, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB, angiotensin II receptor blocker; LAVI, left atrial volume index; LVMI, left ventricular mass index; LVH, left ventricular hypertrophy; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; E, transmitral E wave velocity; A, transmitral A wave velocity; Ea, early diastolic mitral velocity.
*
P<0.05,
**
P<0.001 compared patients with difference in systolic blood pressure between arms <10 mmHg.