Table 2F.

Peptides Influencing Aβ Aggregation and Toxicity. Peptides Selected Using Combinatorial Libraries

Name	Sequence	Description	D/L	Results	Reference
DP1 – DP8	6 residues from: Ala, Ile, Val, Ser, Thr, Gly	“Decoy” peptides of combinatorial library	D	Eliminate calcium effect of Aβ1-42	Blanchard et al., 97, 2000 [106, 107]
None	Several with 4 groups of consensus sequences:	Out of combinatorial library	L	Inhibit Aβ aggregation	Schwarzman et al., 2005 [108]
	++H+(H/+)
	or
	++XX+
	or
	(D/E)LVH
	or
	+LVLF
None	12 mers	Phage Display with two libraries.	L	Ligands bind targets in different aggregation states, partly affect aggregation	Orner et al., 2006 [109]
		Parent molecule: KLVFFKKKKKK
		Target: Monomeric and fibrillar Aβ.
ANA1	6 or 15 mers	Novel selection involving phage display and counterselection against rat Aβ	L	Inhibit Aβ toxicity	Taddei et al., 2008 [110]
ANA2	e.g. TNPNRRNRTPQMLKR (ANA1)
ANA3
1A, 1B, 2	MSNKGASIGLMAGDVDIADSHA or	Combinatorial library and selection based on enzyme EGFP	L	Inhibitory effect on Aβ aggregation, de-fibrillization	Bain et al., 2009 [111]
	MSNKGASNALMAGDGDIADSHS or
	MQKLDVVAEDAGSNK
D3	RPRTRLHTHRNR	Mirror image phage display	D	Modulates Aβ oligomerization, effective in tg mouse model after oral application	Van Groen et al., 2008; Funke et al., 2010 [112, 113]
JM169	Trimer-TEG-D3	Hybrid compound D3 and nonpeptidic β-sheet breaker	D	In vitro more effective than trimer or D3	Müller-Schiffmann et al., 2010 [115]
1-8	e.g. RAPMGGR or	Panning of heptapeptide library against soluble Aβ1-42	L	Suppress Aβ1-42 37/48 kDa oligomer formation, keep monomer stable	Kawasaki et al., 2010 [128]
	RRPVVGR
GN-peptide	GNLLTLD	Peptide homologous to sequence from apo A-I, selected by phage display	L	Modulates aggregation, prevents hippocampal neuronal cultures from Aβ induced degeneration	Paula-Lima et al., 2009 [119]
D-4F	Ac-DWFKAFYDKVAEKFKEAF-NH2	Apo A-I mimetic peptide	D	Inhibits Aβ deposition and improver cognitive performance of AD tg mice after oral application	[120]

D/L: describes peptide conformation. TEG: triethyleneglycol. +: positively charged amino acids. H: hydrophobic amino acid. X: hydrophobic or polar amino acid