Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2012 Aug 24.
Published in final edited form as: Dev Psychopathol. 2012 Feb;24(1):113–123. doi: 10.1017/S0954579411000708

Table 2.

Group Comparisons of EA Scales (illustrative, not exhaustive)

Comparison Reference



Gender Parent Ziv, Aviezer, Gini, Sagi, & Koren-Karie, (2000); Volling, McElwain, Notaro, & Herrera (2002); Lovas (2005); Bornstein, Gini, Suwalsky, Putnick, & Haynes (2006); de Falco, Venuti, Esposito, & Bornstein (2008)


Child Robinson, Little, & Biringen (1993); Biringen, Robinson, & Emde (1994); Robinson & Biringen (1995); Biringen et al. (1999); Ziv, Aviezer, Gini, Sagi, & Koren-Karie, (2000); Lovas (2005); Bornstein, Gini, Suwalsky, Putnick, & Haynes (2006); Bornstein et al. (2008); de Falco, Venuti, Esposito, & Bornstein (2008); Bornstein et al. (2010)



Within-Family Firstborn-Secondborn Bornstein, Putnick, & Suwalsky (2011c)


Twins Robinson & Little (1994); Venuti, Giusti, Gini, & Bornstein (2008)


Daycare Cost, Quality, and Outcomes Study (1995); Zimmerman & McDonald (1995); Burchinal & Cryer (2003); Zimmerman & Fassler, (2003); NICHD Early Child Care Research Network (2006); Bornstein, Putnick, & Suwalsky (2011b); Biringen, Altenhofen, et al. (2012)


Culture Aviezer, Sagi, Joels, & Ziv (1999); Biringen (2000); Easterbrooks & Biringen (2000); Easterbrooks & Biringen (2005b); Bornstein, Gini, Putnick, et al. (2006); Bornstein, Gini, Suwalsky, Putnick, & Haynes (2006); Bornstein et al. (2008); Chaudhuri, Easterbrooks, & Davis (2009); Howes & Obregon (2009); Bornstein et al. (2010)



At-Risk Adoption Garvin, Tarullo, Van Ryzin, & Gunnar (2012); van den Dries, Juffer, van IJzendoorn, Bakermans-Kranenburg, & Alink (2012)


Adolescent Parent Culp, Applebaum, Osofsky, & Levy (1988); Frankel, Lindahl, & Harmon (1992); Barratt & Roach (1995); Culp, Osofsky, & O’Brien (1996); Berlin, Brady-Smith, & Brooks-Gunn (2002); Moore & Brooks-Gunn (2002); Zimmerman, L., & Fassler, I. (2003); Bornstein, Putnick, Suwalsky, & Gini (2006); Chaudhuri, Easterbrooks, & Davis (2009)


Depressed Easterbrooks, Biesecker, Lyons-Ruth, & Carper (1996); Easterbrooks, Biesecker, & Lyons-Ruth (2000); Biringen, Vliegen, Bijttebier, & Cluckers (2002); Vliegen et al. (2005); Killeen & Teti (2012)



Deaf Koester, Brooks, & Traci (1996); Pipp-Siegel, Blair, Deas, Pressman, & Yoshinaga-Itano (1998); Pressman, Pipp-Siegel, Yoshinaga-Itano, Kubicek, & Emde (1998); Biringen, Fidler, Barrett, & Kubicek (2005)


Blind Campbell (2007); Campbell & Johnston (2009)


Drug abusing Swanson, Beckwith, & Howard (2002); Fraser, Harris-Britt, Thakkallapalli, Kurtz-Costes, & Martin (2010); Bornstein, Mayes, & Park, (2011)


Down syndrome Lovas (2005); de Falco, Cimmino, La Femina, , & Venuti (2008). Venuti, de Falco, Giusti, & Bornstein (2008); de Falco, Venuti, Esposito, & Bornstein (2008)


ASD Biringen, Fidler, Barrett, & Kubicek (2005); Dolev, Oppenheim, Koren-Karie, & Yirmiya (2009); Koren-Karie, Oppenheim, Dolev, Yirmiya (2009); Oppenheim, Koren-Karie, Dolev, & Yirmiya (2009)


Cancer Bornstein, Scrimin, et al. (2011)