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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Aug 15.
Published in final edited form as: J Immunol. 2012 Jul 6;189(4):2017–2022. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.1103623

Figure 2. Synergy of hemoglobin with HMGB1 is not completely dependent on TLR2 or TLR4 or RAGE or MyD88 or TRIF.

Figure 2

BMDMs from (A) C57BL/6 or TLR2 knockout mice (TLR2KO) or (B) C3H/HeN mice or C3H/HeJ mice with deficient TLR4 or (C) C57BL/6 or RAGE knockout mice (RAGE KO) or (D) C57BL/6 or MyD88 knockout (MyD88 KO) or TRIF knockout (TRIF KO) mice were washed 3 times with serum-free medium and then cultured overnight with HMGB1 (4 μg/ml) with PBS or mouse hemoglobin (30 μg/ml). Concentrations of TNF in the supernatants were determined by ELISA. Each graph represents the percentage of cytokine production when cytokine production by HMGB1 with PBS on wild-type cells is assigned to 100%. Results represent mean ± s.e. and are representative of four independent experiments. * P < .05, ** P < .01, compared between cells treated with and without hemoglobin.