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. 2012 Aug 7;109(34):13686–13691. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1202233109

Table 2.

Observed amounts of division of labor

Task-switch treatment Task-switch cost 250 units required 500 units required 1,000 units required
Control 0 0.027 ± 0.01 0.400 ± 0.04 0.735 ± 0.05
Moderate 25 0.322 ± 0.04 0.813 ± 0.04 0.899 ± 0.05
High 50 0.639 ± 0.04 1.066 ± 0.04 0.915 ± 0.06

Level of division of labor observed for various individual-level task switching costs (rows) and colony-level resource requirements for replication (columns). Division of labor is gauged as the Shannon mutual information between the tasks exported and the individuals exporting them, measured across 50 trials for each experimental configuration. High task-switching costs or higher resource requirements were observed to increase evolved division of labor.