Table 1. Summary of the role of autophagy in HL-1 cells, undifferentiated NPSCs and differentiated NPSCs.

	HL-1 Cells	Undifferentiated NPSCs	Differentiated NPSCs
Does the level of autophagy change after CVB3 infection?	Yes—An increase in the level of autophagy	No change	Yes—A decrease in the level of autophagy
Are inducers of autophagy able to induce autophagy in this cell type?	Yes	Yes	No—But differentiation itself induces autophagy
Is there a relationship between autophagy and CVB3 replication?	Yes—Direct relationship	No—Increasing the level of autophagy with rapamycin does not alter viral titers	No—Decreasing the level of autophagy with FGF does not alter viral titers

Results are summarized by cell type in regards to whether activation of autophagic signaling is induced following CVB3 infection, if autophagy can be induced in the particular cell type, and how autophagy affects viral replication. While HL-1 cells followed previous results published by other groups, a divergent relationship regarding autophagy and CVB3 in both undifferentiated and differentiated NPSCs was observed.