Table 5. Univariate and multivariate* logistic regression on relationship between risk factors and unprotected anal intercourse with male partners in the last 12 months (N = 396).
| Variable | Subcategory | Univariate OR (95% CI) | P-value | Multivariate AOR (95% CI) | P-value |
| Education | |||||
| No university education | 1 | 1 | |||
| Some university education | 0.77 (0.49–1.21) | 0.26 | 0.77 (0.49–1.22) | 0.27 | |
| Age | |||||
| Less than 25 years old | 1 | 1 | |||
| 25–27 years old | 1.24 (0.67–2.30) | 0.50 | 1.38 (0.73–2.60) | 0.32 | |
| 28–30 years old | 1.68 (0.87–3.21) | 0.12 | 1.89 (0.97–3.69) | 0.06 | |
| Over 30 years old | 1.26 (0.68–2.33) | 0.46 | 1.55 (0.82–2.96) | 0.18 | |
| Increasing personal network size | 1.00 (1.00–1.00) | 0.03 | 1.00 (1.00–1.00) | 0.04 | |
| Increasing income | 0.92 (0.78–1.08) | 0.33 | 0.88 (0.73–1.06) | 0.18 | |
| Marital status | |||||
| Not single | 1 | 1 | |||
| Single | 0.46 (0.29–0.74) | <0.01 | 0.38 (0.23–0.64) | <0.01 | |
| Access to condoms | |||||
| Difficult or easier access to condoms | 1 | 1 | |||
| Very difficult access to free condoms | 0.72 (0.45–1.16) | 0.18 | 0.88 (0.53–1.46) | 0.61 | |
| Access to lubricants | |||||
| Difficult or easier access to lubricants | 1 | 1 | |||
| Very difficult access to lubricants | 9.87 (4.43–21.99) | <0.01 | 11.08 (4.93–24.91) | <0.01 | |
| HIV knowledge** | |||||
| Incorrect answer on at least one HIV question | 1 | 1 | |||
| Knows correct answer to all four HIV questions** | 0.86 (0.26–2.88) | 0.82 | 0.92 (0.27–3.18) | 0.90 | |
| Sexual orientation | |||||
| Identifies as heterosexual or bisexual | 1 | 1 | |||
| Self-identifies as “gay/homosexual” | 0.66 (0.41–1.06) | 0.09 | 0.63 (0.39–1.02) | 0.06 | |
| HIV testing | |||||
| Never tested for HIV | 1 | 1 | |||
| Ever tested for HIV | 1.15 (0.72–1.82) | 0.56 | 1.53 (0.69–1.95) | 0.77 | |
| STI symptoms | |||||
| Did not report STI symptoms in last 12 months | 1 | 1 | |||
| STI symptoms last 12 months | 3.93 (1.63–9.47) | <0.01 | 3.45 (1.42–8.40) | <0.01 | |
| Health care access | |||||
| Not been to doctor in last 12 months | 1 | 1 | |||
| Been to doctor in last 12 months | 1.07 (0.67–1.72) | 0.78 | 1.05 (0.64–1.71) | 0.85 | |
| Exchange sex | |||||
| No transactional sex in the last 12 months | 1 | 1 | |||
| Transactional sex in the last 12 months | 3.67 (1.91–7.02) | <0.01 | 3.21 (1.66–6.22) | <0.01 | |
| HIV counseling | |||||
| No HIV counseling recently | 1 | 1 | |||
| Met with HIV/STI counselor in last 12 months on male-male sex | 0.84 (0.48–1.48) | 0.55 | 0.62 (0.34–1.15) | 0.13 | |
| Had concurrent sexual partnerships with at least two people in the last 12 months | |||||
| Did not have concurrent partnerships | 1 | 1 | |||
| Male and female partners | 0.82 (0.46–1.48) | 0.52 | 0.90 (0.50–1.63) | 0.74 | |
| Male partners | 0.50 (0.30–0.81) | <0.01 | 0.39 (0.23–0.66) | <0.01 | |
| Use of water- and silicon-based lube in last 12 months | |||||
| Not always use lube during anal sex | 1 | 1 | |||
| Always use lube during anal sex | 0.91 (0.56–1.47) | 0.64 | 0.96 (0.57–1.59) | 0.79 | |
| Binge drinking (five or more drinks in one session) in last 30 days | |||||
| No binge drinking | 1 | 1 | |||
| At least one binge drinking occurrence | 1.38 (0.87–2.19) | 0.18 | 1.34 (0.84–2.15) | 0.22 | |
| Noninjection drug use in last 12 months | |||||
| Did not use noninjection drugs | 1 | 1 | |||
| Used noninjection drugs | 3.33 (1.65–6.74) | <0.01 | 3.10 (1.51–6.36) | <0.02 | |
| Injection drug use | |||||
| Never injected drugs | 1 | 1 | |||
| Ever injected drugs | 2.30 (0.87–6.13) | 0.09 | 2.03 (0.75–5.48) | 0.19 | |
| Internet use to look for sexual partners in last 12 months | |||||
| Did not use internet to look for partners | 1 | 1 | |||
| Used internet to look for partners | 1.71 (1.06–2.74) | 0.03 | 1.52 (0.93–2.48) | 0.08 |
*
Adjusted for age, educational level and social network size in the statistical model.
**
Questions were: “What type of sex puts you most at risk for HIV infection?”; “What type of anal sex puts you most at risk for HIV infection?”; “Can you get HIV from using a needle to inject drugs?”; “What is the safest kind of lubricant for anal sex?”.