Table 3.
Temporal trends in the distribution of specific clinically relevant and surveillance specific resistance mutations among recently HIV-1 infected individuals.
| Drug class | Mutation | Total N=600 | 1995–1999 N=103 | 2000–2002 N=111 | 2003–2004 N=116 | 2005–2006 N=106 | 2007–2008 N=90 | 2009–2010 N=74 | P-valuea,b |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||||||||
| % (N) | % (N) | % (N) | % (N) | % (N) | % (N) | % (N) | |||
| NRTI | M41L | 3.7 (22) | 2.9 (4) | 2.7 (3) | 9.4 (11) | 2.7 (3) | 1.1 (1) | 1.3 (1) | 0.28 |
| D67N/G/E | 1.7 (10) | 2.9 (3) | 2.7 (3) | 2.6 (3) | 0.9 (1) | 0 | 0 | 0.03 | |
| T69Ins/D | 1.5 (9) | 1.9 (2) | 0.9 (1) | 3.4 (4) | 0.9 (1) | 1.1 (1) | 0 | 0.32 | |
| K70R/E | 1.3 (8) | 4.9 (5) | 0 (0) | 0.9 (1) | 0 (0) | 2.3 (2) | 0 | 0.06 | |
| L74V/I | 0.2 (1) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1.1 (1) | 0 | 0.24 | |
| V75M/T/A/S | 0.2 (1) | 1.0 (1) | 0 (0) | 0(0) | 0(0) | 0 | 0 | 0.15 | |
| M184V/I | 1.7 (10) | 3.9 (4) | 1.8 (2) | 0.9 (1) | 1.8 (2) | 0 (0) | 1.3 (1) | 0.11 | |
| L210W | 1.3 (8) | 1.0 (1) | 2.7 (3) | 3.4 (4) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0.10 | |
| T215Y/F/I/S/D/E/C/V | 4.0 (24) | 3.9 (4) | 3.6 (4) | 8.6 (10) | 2.7 (3) | 3.4 (3) | 0 | 0.17 | |
| K219Q/E/N/R | 0.8 (5) | 2.9 (3) | 0.9 (1) | 0.9 (1) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 | 0.02 | |
| NNRTI | L100I | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.9 (1) | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| K101E/P | 1.2 (7) | 0 (0) | 0.9 (1) | 0.9 (1) | 1.8 (2) | 0(0) | 0 | 0.77 | |
| K103N/S | 4.7 (28) | 1.9 (2) | 4.5 (5) | 2.6 (3) | 6.4 (7) | 5.7 (5) | 8.0 (6) | 0.04 | |
| V106M/A | 0.2 (1) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0.9 (1) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 | 0.84 | |
| V179F | 1.0 (1) | 0 | |||||||
| Y181C/I/V | 1.0 (6) | 0 (0) | 1.8 (2) | 3.4 (4) | 0 (0) | 1.1 (1) | 0 | 0.63 | |
| Y188L/H/C | 0.5 (3) | 1.0 (1) | 0 (0) | 0.8 (1) | 0.9 (1) | 0 (0) | 0 | 0.49 | |
| PI | D30N | 0.5 (3) | 0 (0) | 0.9 (1) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 2.3 (2) | 0 | 0.47 |
| L33F | 2.3 (14) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0.9 (1) | 5.5 (6) | 3.4 (3) | 5.3 (4) | 0.001 | |
| M46I/L | 1.2 (7) | 0 (0) | 2.7 (3) | 1.7 (2) | 1.8 (2) | 0 (0) | 0 | 0.45 | |
| I47V/A | 0.9 (1) | 0 | |||||||
| I50V/L | 0.2 (1) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0.9 (1) | 0 (0) | 0 | 0.68 | |
| F53L/Y | 0.9 (1) | ||||||||
| I54V/L/M/A/T/S | 1.0 (6) | 0 (0) | 2.7 (3) | 0.9 (1) | 0 (0) | 2.3 (2) | 0 | 0.82 | |
| V82AFT/S/C/M/L | 1.3 (8) | 0 (0) | 2.7 (3) | 2.6 (3) | 0 (0) | 2.3 (2) | 0 | 0.73 | |
| I84V/A/C | 0.2 (1) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0.9 (1) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 | 0.84 | |
| I85V | 0.9 (1) | ||||||||
| L90M | 2.2 (13) | 1.0 (1) | 1.8 (2) | 6.0 (11) | 0.9 (1) | 2.3 (2) | 0 | 0.59 | |
Note-
a
Chi-squared test for trend; A62V, K65R, Y115F, F116Y, Q151M, G190A/S/C, P225H and M230L were not identified in the RT region of the pol gene. L23I, L24I, V32I, G48V/M, G73S/T/C/A, L76V, and N83D, N88D/S were not identified in the PR region of the pol gene. Mutations in bold are considered major resistance mutations and are included in our calculations for table 2.