Table 5.

Summary of teleost mucosal and systemic antibody responses following oral, immersion (imm.), peranal (p.a.), peroral (p.o.), bath or intraperitoneal (i.p.) immunisations or horizontal infection (h.i.)

Species	Route	Antigen	Responsea				Reference
			Skin	Gil	Gut	Systemic
Yellow croacker (ELISA and ELISPOT)	oral i.p. imm.	Vibrio harveyi	− − +	− + +	NM	+ + +	(Xu et al., 2009b)
Rainbow trout (ELISA fluids and tissue explants)	i.p. p.a	FITC/KLH±FCA	+ −	+ −	+ −	+ −	(Swan et al., 2008)
African catfish	oral p.a. imm. i.p.	V. anguillarum 02	+ + + −	NM	+ + + −	+ ++ + ++	(Vervarcke et al., 2005)
European eel (ELISA and in situ dot blot)	imm.	V. vulnificus	+	+	NM	+	(Esteve-Gassent et al., 2003)
European eel	i.p. p.a. oral imm.	V. vulnificus bivalent	+ + + +	NM	++ ++ ++ ++	+++ +++ ++ ++	(Esteve-Gassent et al., 2004b)
Sea bass (ELISPOT)	imm.	Photobacterium damselae spp. piscicida	NM	+++	+	+	(dos Santos et al., 2001a)
Spotted sand bass (ELISA and ELISPOT)	oral	A. veronii lectin	+	+	+	+	(Merino-Contreras et al., 2001)
Dab (ELISA and ELISPOT)	bath p.o. p.o p.a. i.p.	HGG-lipid emulsion HGG-lipid emulsion HGG HGG HGG	NM	− + − − ++	− + − + +	− − − − +++	(Lin et al., 2000)
Rainbow trout	imm. i.p.	IHNV	− −	NM	− −	+ +	(Cain et al., 1996)
Brook trout	h.i. bath	F. branchiophilum	NM NM	ns ++	NM NM	ns +	(Lumsden et al., 1993)

^aResponses are shown as positive or negative specific IgM levels measured by ELISA unless otherwise stated. Responses are scored: + (significant but low), ++ (intermediate), +++ (highest), ns (not statistically significant), orNM (not measured). These scores are not comparable across different studies.