Table 2. PMTCT regimens and clinical characteristics associated with progression to CD4+ cell count <200 cells/mm3 or CD4+ cell count <350 cells/mm3.
| CD4+ <200 cells/mm3 | CD4+ <350 cells/mm3 | |||||||
| HR (95%CI) | p-value | aHR (95% CI) | p-value | HR (95% CI) | p-value | aHR (95% CI) | p-value | |
| PMTCT regimens | ||||||||
| sd-NVP | 2.5 (1.7–3.9) | <.00001 | 3.1 (2.0–4.8) | <0.001 | 1.3 (1.0–1.8) | 0.05 | 1.7 (1.2–2.3) | 0.001 |
| sc-ARVp | 1.0 | – | 1.0 | – | 1.0 | – | 1.0 | – |
| tARVp | 1.9 (1.1–3.4) | 0.02 | 2.3 (1.3–4.1) | 0.003 | 1.8 (1.2–2.7) | 0.002 | 2.2 (1.5–3.2) | <0.001 |
| Age (years) | ||||||||
| <25 | 1.0 | – | 1.0 | – | 1.0 | – | 1.0 | – |
| 25–30 | 1.1 (0.7–1.5) | 0.73 | 0.9 (0.6–1.3) | 0.49 | 1.5 (1.1–1.9) | 0.008 | 1.4 (1.1–1.9) | 0.02 |
| 31–35 | 1.8 (1.2–2.6) | 0.006 | 1.4 (0.9–2.1) | 0.17 | 1.7 (1.2–2.5) | 0.003 | 1.6 (1.1–2.3) | 0.02 |
| 36–40 | 1.1 (0.6–2.1) | 0.68 | 1.2 (0.6–2.3) | 0.54 | 1.4 (0.9–2.2) | 0.17 | 1.3 (0.8–2.1) | 0.37 |
| CD4+ at enrollment | ||||||||
| For each increase of 100 cells/mm3 | 0.6 (0.5–0.7) | <0.0001 | 0.6 (0.5–0.7) | <0.001 | 0.7 (0.6–0.8) | <0.001 | 0.7 (0.6–0.8) | <0.001 |
| WHO stage at enrollment | ||||||||
| Stage 1 | 1.0 | – | 1.0 | – | 1.0 | – | 1.0 | – |
| Stage 2 | 1.1 (0.7–1.6) | 0.65 | 1.4 (0.9–2.2) | 0.12 | 1.2 (0.8–1.6) | 0.34 | 1.3 (1.0–1.9) | 0.09 |
| Stage 3 | 0.4 (0.1–1.4) | 0.15 | 0.7 (0.2–2.3) | 0.60 | 1.5 (0.9–2.5) | 0.16 | 1.6 (0.9–2.9) | 0.09 |
PMTCT, prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV; CD4+, CD4+ cell count; HR, hazard ratio; 95% CI, 95% confidence interval; aHR, adjusted hazard ratio; sd-NVP, single-dose nevirapine; sc-ARVp, short-course antiretroviral prophylaxis; tARVp, triple-drug antiretroviral prophylaxis.