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. 2012 Aug 27;7(8):e43128. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0043128

Table 1. The exaptation of mobile element classes and superfamilies.

Class Superfamily Exapted Elements Exapted Bases Genomic Elements Genomic Bases Genomic Elements Per Exaptation Genomic Bases Per Exapted Base
L1 67,103 1,963,366 937,370 511,375,943 13.9 260.4
L2 46,532 946,311 462,005 103,894,644 9.9 109.7
CR1 19,644 58,6282 60,731 10,855,797 3 18.5
RTE 6,218 156,338 17,696 3,652,083 2.8 23.3
Dong-R4 797 25,967 550 120,346 0.6 4.6
RTE-BovB 398 12,401 659 74,688 1.6 6
L1-like 44 1,715 83 6,788 1.8 3.9
LINE 140,760 3,695,873 1,479,094 629,957,456 10.5 170.4
MIR 61,335 1,122,485 590,380 84,230,914 9.6 75
Deu 1,815 70,613 1,266 178,943 0.6 2.5
Alu 1,624 107,958 1,174,518 306,522,171 723.2 2,839.2
SINE 1,602 66,502 964 161,994 0.6 2.4
tRNA 1,026 27,838 1,652 229,877 1.6 8.2
SINE 67,418 1,397,359 1,768,780 391,323,899 26.2 280
hAT-Charlie 23,994 515,751 251,682 44,862,356 10.4 86.9
TcMar-Tigger 9,024 264,739 102,787 33,907,139 11.3 128
hAT-Tip100 2,663 64,363 30,206 6,602,950 11.3 102.5
TcMar-like 2,380 127,346 3,426 624,957 1.4 4.9
DNA 1,894 88,980 2,750 339,865 1.4 3.8
TcMar-Mariner 1,496 39,382 16,229 2,815,735 10.8 71.4
TcMar-Tc2 1,463 34,606 8,083 1,664,901 5.5 48.1
hAT-Blackjack 1,360 31,624 19,571 3,415,244 14.3 107.9
hAT 767 12,459 12,421 1,673,724 16.1 134.3
TcMar 674 17,320 1,940 319,735 2.8 18.4
PiggyBac-like 458 18,964 239 44,436 0.5 2.3
hAT-like 323 6,851 3,027 503,467 9.3 73.4
PiggyBac 80 3,041 2,115 497,959 26.4 163.7
MuDR 14 1,302 1,972 686,896 140.8 527.5
Merlin 1 56 55 17,595 55 314.1
DNA 46,561 1,226,696 456,503 97,959,784 9.8 79.8
ERVL-MaLR 14,468 289,612 343,284 110,688,741 23.7 382.1
ERVL 8,441 185,880 157,889 56,087,725 18.7 301.7
ERV1 2,855 81,186 172,636 83,248,758 60.4 1,025.4
Gypsy 1,815 38,904 10,760 2,295,297 5.9 58.9
Gypsy-like 1,323 26,101 7,808 1,454,545 5.9 55.7
LTR 837 22,332 2,196 472,591 2.6 21.1
ERVL-like 320 6,700 1,782 413,433 5.5 61.7
ERV 35 579 580 191,020 16.5 329.9
ERVK 7 271 10,455 8,790,037 1,493.5 32,435.5
LTR 30083 651,379 707,390 263,530,842 23.5 404.5
Total 284,857 6,988,191 4,411,767 1,382,528,004 15.4 197.8

We show the contribution of mobile elements as a whole, as well as the various classes and superfamilies, to the creation of putative gene regulatory elements on the human lineage. The numbers from the superfamilies do not always add up perfectly to the number for the class. This is because a CNEE is not counted as being exapted from a mobile element unless more than 50% of its bases are annotated as having repeat origins. A CNEE where 45% of the bases are annotated as coming from an L1 insertion and 45% from an L2 insertion will not appear as either an L1 or L2 exaptation, but will be counted as a LINE exaptation. A very small number of bases are also annotated by RepeatMasker as having come from more than one mobile element. Both these situations are rare in our set and the difference in counting never amounts to more than 35 elements.