Table 3.
Multivariate-adjusted odds ratios of weight change over one year and at least 1 Likert category reduction of vasomotor symptoms (VMS) among 6,104 postmenopausal women with symptoms at baseline
| N | At least 1 Likert category reduction** | Age- adjusted OR† | 95% CI | MV- adjusted OR‡ | 95% CI | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Any vasomotor symptoms at baseline | ||||||
| DM arm | ||||||
| Control | 3,672 | 1,508 | 1.00 | |||
| Intervention | 2,432 | 1,103 | 1.19 | (1.08–1.32) | 1.15 | (1.03–1.28) |
| p-value | <0.001 | 0.01 | ||||
| Weight change (lbs) | ||||||
| Gain ≥ 10 lbs | 399 | 162 | 0.99 | (0.80–1.22) | 1.00 | (0.44–1.26) |
| Gain >5-<10 lbs | 663 | 266 | 0.96 | (0.81–1.14) | 0.97 | (0.82–1.16) |
| Maintain weight | 3,173 | 1,316 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Loss >5-<10 lbs | 963 | 438 | 1.18 | (1.02–1.36) | 1.12 | (0.97–1.30) |
| Loss ≥ 10 lbs | 906 | 429 | 1.28 | (1.10–1.48) | 1.20 | (1.03–1.40) |
| p-value, gain* | 0.84 | 0.98 | ||||
| p-value, loss* | 0.04 | 0.07 | ||||
| Weight change (%) | ||||||
| Gain ≥ 10% | 124 | 46 | 0.85 | (0.59–1.23) | 0.85 | (0.58–1.23) |
| Gain >7-<10% | 143 | 64 | 1.17 | (0.83–1.64) | 1.16 | (0.83–1.64) |
| Gain >3-7% | 785 | 313 | 0.95 | (0.81–1.11) | 0.95 | (0.81–1.12) |
| Maintain within 3% | 3230 | 1341 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Loss >3-7% | 1140 | 510 | 1.14 | (0.99–1.30) | 1.07 | (0.93–1.23) |
| Loss >7-<10% | 389 | 181 | 1.23 | (0.99–1.52) | 1.14 | (0.91–1.41) |
| Loss ≥ 10% | 293 | 156 | 1.62 | (1.28–2.07) | 1.50 | (1.17–1.92) |
| p-value, gain* | 0.81 | 0.70 | ||||
| p-value, loss* | 0.002 | 0.01 | ||||
| Moderate/severe symptoms at baseline | ||||||
| DM arm | ||||||
| Control | 1,028 | 1,508 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Intervention | 705 | 1,103 | 1.10 | (0.90–1.34) | 1.09 | (0.89–1.34) |
| p-value | 0.36 | 0.41 | ||||
| Weight change (lbs) | ||||||
| Gain ≥ 10 lbs | 140 | 77 | 0.74 | (0.51–1.06) | 0.75 | (0.52–1.08) |
| Gain >5-<10 lbs | 206 | 123 | 0.89 | (0.65–1.22) | 0.87 | (0.63–1.19) |
| Maintain weight | 842 | 528 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Loss >5-<10 lbs | 283 | 180 | 1.04 | (0.79–1.38) | 1.01 | (0.75–1.34) |
| Loss ≥ 10 lbs | 262 | 163 | 0.98 | (0.74–1.31) | 0.94 | (0.70–1.27) |
| p-value, gain* | 0.97 | 0.56 | ||||
| p-value, loss* | 0.75 | 0.67 | ||||
continuous variable
Signifies reduction of vasomotor symptoms by one or more Likert categories (i.e., severe to moderate, severe to mild, or severe to no symptoms, or moderate to mild or moderate to no symptoms)
Age-adjusted model adjusted for age (continuous).
Multivariate-adjusted models were adjusted for age (continuous), ethnicity (White (ref), Black, Hispanic, Asian, Indian, other), education (≤HS, ≤ college, graduate school (ref)), years since menopause (0-<10, 10-<20, 20+ (ref)), depressive symptoms (no (ref), yes), physical activity (0, >0-5, >5-10, >20-15, >15 METS/wk (ref)), alcohol intake (0 (ref), >0-0.5, >0.5-2, >2 svg/wk), smoking (never (ref), past, current). Models were also simultaneously adjusted for DM arm (intervention, control (ref)) and weight change (percent change categories used in intervention analyses).