Table 3.
Changes in Obesity (and Severe Obesity) Disparities for Demographic and Socioeconomic Groups with Cigarette Prices
| Group | Obesity (BMI≥30) | Severe Obesity (BMI≥35) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||||
| Cigarette price effect on probability | Predicted rate in 2005 at 1984 cig. price | Predicted rate in 2005 at 2005 cig. price | Change in disparity from higher cig. price | Cigarette price effect on probability | Predicted rate in 2005 at 1984 cig. price | Predicted rate in 2005 at 2005 cig. price | Change in disparity from higher cig. price | |
| Stratified by race | ||||||||
| Black | −0.021*** (0.007) | 0.440*** (0.017) | 0.390*** (0.004) | −0.008 (0.018) | −0.029*** (0.006) | 0.240*** (0.011) | 0.17*** (0.003) | −0.048*** (0.012) |
| Other | −0.021** (0.009) | 0.318*** (0.013) | 0.269*** (0.003) | −0.008 (0.013) | −0.009*** (0.004) | 0.118*** (0.008) | 0.097*** (0.002) | 0.001 (0.008) |
| White | −0.017*** (0.004) | 0.289*** (0.004) | 0.247*** (0.001) | Ref | −0.009*** (0.003) | 0.107*** (0.002) | 0.085*** (0.001) | Ref |
|
| ||||||||
| Stratified by education | ||||||||
| Incomplete HS or less | −0.004 (0.005) | 0.328*** (0.013) | 0.317*** (0.003) | 0.038** (0.015) | −0.012*** (0.004) | 0.154*** (0.008) | 0.126*** (0.002) | −0.002 (0.009) |
| HS graduate | −0.016*** (0.006) | 0.330*** (0.007) | 0.290*** (0.002) | 0.008 (0.01) | −0.009*** (0.003) | 0.127*** (0.005) | 0.105*** (0.001) | 0.005 (0.006) |
| Some college | −0.017*** (0.007) | 0.320*** (0.007) | 0.280*** (0.002) | 0.008 (0.009) | −0.009*** (0.004) | 0.124*** (0.005) | 0.103*** (0.001) | 0.006 (0.006) |
| College graduate | −0.02*** (0.005) | 0.252*** (0.006) | 0.204*** (0.001) | Ref | −0.011*** (0.003) | 0.093*** (0.004) | 0.066*** (0.001) | Ref |
|
| ||||||||
| Stratified by age | ||||||||
| Less than 40 years old | −0.024*** (0.005) | 0.291*** (0.006) | 0.233*** (0.001) | Ref | −0.014*** (0.003) | 0.121*** (0.004) | 0.088*** (0.001) | Ref |
| 40 to 59 years old | −0.031*** (0.007) | 0.363*** (0.007) | 0.289*** (0.001) | −0.017* (0.01) | −.019*** (0.004) | 0.157*** (0.004) | 0.111*** (0.001) | −0.013** (0.006) |
| 60 years and older | −0.005 (0.004) | 0.258*** (0.008) | 0.246*** (0.001) | 0.046*** (0.01) | −0.004*** (0.003) | 0.084*** (0.005) | 0.074*** (0.001) | 0.024*** (0.006) |
|
| ||||||||
| Stratified by sex | ||||||||
| Males | −0.020*** (0.005) | 0.31*** (0.006) | 0.261*** (0.001) | −0.004 (0.009) | −0.009*** (0.003) | 0.101*** (0.003) | 0.078*** (0.001) | Ref |
| Females | −0.019*** (0.005) | 0.306*** (0.005) | 0.26*** (0.001) | Ref | −0.013*** (0.003) | 0.136*** (0.003) | 0.104*** (0.001) | 0.01** (0.005) |
Notes: Standard errors are in parentheses (the standard errors for obesity rate predictions and changes are bootstrapped with 200 replications). “Ref” indicates the reference group for calculating the changes in disparity.
indicates p<0.1;
indicates p<0.05;
indicates p<0.01. Disparity changes are calculated by differencing the disparity at the 2005 prices from that at the 1984 prices. For example, the black-white obesity rate disparity at the 1984 price is 0.151 (0.440-0.289); the black-white obesity rate disparity at the 2005 price is 0.143 (0.390-0.247); the obesity rate disparity change due to changes in price between 1984 and 2005 is −0.008 (0.143–0.151).