Table 3.

Studies examining time of procedures and patient complications on off-shifts.

Author(s) & year, definition of off-shift	Multisite (no. sites) Patient Sample Size	Outcome(s)	Poor quality outcomes
Uyarel et al. (2009), Night: 1800–0800	N, 2,644	Angioplasty outcomes, cardiovascular mortality, LOS	N
Peberdy et al. (2008)*, Night: 2200–0659 Weekend: 2200 Fri–0659 Mon	Y (507), 86,748	Survival from in-hospital cardiac arrest	Y
Becker (2007), Weekend: Sat and Sun	Registry, 922,074	Angioplasty, cardiac catheterization, bypass rates, mortality	Y
Bendavid et al. (2007), Weekend: Sat and Sun	Registry, 4,967,114	Complications, birth trauma	Y
Sadeghi et al. (2004)†, ‘Off-peak hours’ 2000–0800	Y (76), 1047	Treatment delays, thrombolysis, mortality	N

Y, yes; N, no; LOS, length of stay.

^*Analysed nights and weekends separately and together.

^†Analysed nights and weekends together.