Table 1.
Patient demographics
| Characteristic | Statistic | P | |
|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|||
| Open two-level PLIF n = 101 |
MIS two-level XLIF n = 109 |
||
| Mean age in years (SD) | 58.0 (12.0) | 64.1 (12.5) | <0.001 |
| Female (%) | 56 (55.4) | 61 (56.0) | 1.000 |
| Mean body mass index (SD) | 31.2 (6.6) | 30.6 (5.8) | 0.534 |
| Comorbidities (mean number per patient) | 94 (0.93) | 142 (1.3) | <0.001 |
| Comorbidity type | |||
| Tobacco use (%) | 40 (39.6) | 32 (29.4) | 0.156 |
| Coronary artery disease (%) | 21 (20.8) | 55 (50.5) | <0.001 |
| Diabetes (%) | 20 (19.8) | 25 (22.9) | 0.700 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (%) | 5 (5.0) | 3 (2.8) | 0.638 |
| Any prior lumbar surgery (%) | 37 (36.6) | 31 (28.4) | 0.330 |
| Prior surgery type | n = 37 | n = 31 | |
| Discectomy (%) | 16 (43.2) | 12 (38.7) | 0.409 |
| Laminectomy (%) | 6 (16.2) | 7 (22.6) | 1.000 |
| Fusion (%) | 13 (35.1) | 11 (35.5) | 0.678 |
| ALIF (%) | 0 (0) | 1 (3.2) | 1.000 |
| PLF (%) | 2 (5.4) | 0 (0) | 0.444 |
| Diagnoses | – | ||
| Stenosis (%) | 40 (39.6) | 65 (59.6) | 0.006 |
| Spondylolisthesis (%) | 14 (13.9) | 17 (15.6) | 0.829 |
| Postlaminectomy syndrome (%) | 16 (15.8) | 8 (7.3) | 0.086 |
| DDD (%) | 14 (13.9) | 9 (8.3) | 0.281 |
| Herniated nucleus pulposus (%) | 10 (9.9) | 4 (3.7) | 0.126 |
| Degenerative scoliosis (%) | 17 (6.9) | 5 (4.6) | 0.079 |
| Infection (%) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.9) | 1.000 |
Notes: Demographic information for the two cohorts: those treated either an open PLIF or MIS XLIF approach for two-level instrumented lumbar interbody fusion.
Abbreviations: SD, standard deviation; MIS, minimally invasive spine surgery; XLIF, extreme lateral interbody fusion; PLIF, posterior lumbar interbody fusion; ALIF, anterior lumbar interbody fusion; PLF, posterolateral fusion; DDD, degenerative disc disease.