Table 1.
Sociodemographic and Smoking History Characteristics of the Primary Caregivers and Their Families
| Characteristic | n (%) |
| Gender (female) | 99 (100) |
| Race | |
| Asian | 2 (2.0) |
| Black | 51 (51.5) |
| White | 21 (21.2) |
| Hispanic | 25 (25.3) |
| Marital status | |
| Single | 33 (33.3) |
| Married | 28 (28.3) |
| Separated | 6 (6.1) |
| Divorced | 2 (2.0) |
| Living together | 30 (30.3) |
| Employment | |
| Full time | 17 (21.5) |
| Part time | 5 (6.3) |
| Not employed | 56 (71.0) |
| Income ($) | |
| <15,000 | 19 (24.1) |
| 15,000–24,999 | 18 (22.8) |
| 25,000–34,999 | 14 (17.7) |
| 35,000–44,999 | 7 (8.9) |
| >50,000 | 6 (7.6) |
| In past year, not enough money for | |
| Food | 27 (35.5) |
| Housing | 28 (36.8) |
| Utilities | 31 (40.8) |
| Medical care | 20 (26.3) |
| Medicine | 22 (29.3) |
| Medicaid recipient | 62 (80.5) |
| Living situation | |
| Living independently | 32 (40.5) |
| Relying on others for a place to live | 47 (59.4) |
| Pregnancy | |
| Planned | 21 (27.6) |
| Unplanned | 55 (72.4) |
| Delivery method | |
| Vaginal | 33 (42.3) |
| Caesarean section | 45 (57.7) |
| Premature births | |
| 0 | 12 (15.2) |
| 1 | 56 (70.9) |
| 2 | 10 (12.7) |
| 5 or more | 1 (1.3) |
| Breastfeeding or pumping | |
| Plan to breastfeed | 2 (2.5) |
| Do not plan to breastfeed | 21 (26.6) |
| Currently breastfeeding | 44 (55.7) |
| No longer breastfeeding | 12 (15.2) |
| Smoking status | |
| Dad only smokes | 36 (51.4) |
| Mom only smokes | 5 (7.1) |
| Both smoke | 18 (25.7) |
| Neither smoke | 11 (15.7) |
| M (SD) | |
| Maternal age in years | 25.7 (6.53) |
| Maternal education in years | 12.3 (2.2) |
| Pregnancies | 2.5 (1.6) |
| Live births | 1.9 (1.3) |
| Prenatal visits | 11.9 (10.9) |
| Cigarettes smoked per daya | 11.2 (17.1) |
| Cigarettes smoked in house per daya | 3.5 (9.8) |
Note.aRepresents all smokers in the household (not just the primary caregiver).