TABLE 2.
Characteristics of Incarceration and Drug Use Groups Prior to the First Treatment Episode
| High incarceration/Low drug use (n = 179) | High incarceration/High drug use (n = 314) | Low incarceration/Low drug use (n = 99) | Low incarceration/High drug use (n = 200) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Project** C, D | ||||
| Amity | 78.2% | 79.6% | 17.2% | 20.5% |
| TUE | 8.9% | 10.8% | 16.2% | 31.5% |
| TXPROC | 12.9% | 9.6% | 66.7% | 48.0% |
| Ethnicity* | ||||
| White | 29.1% | 36.6% | 31.3% | 35.5% |
| Black | 39.1% | 32.2% | 36.4% | 34.5% |
| Hispanic | 29.0% | 29.6% | 23.2% | 23.5% |
| Asian/Other | 2.8% | 1.6% | 9.1% | 6.5% |
| Employed prior to first treatment** C, D | 14.0% | 8.6% | 52.5% | 40.0% |
| Primary drug** C, D | ||||
| Alcohol | 19.1% | 1.6% | 31.6% | 8.8% |
| Cocaine | 23.6% | 29.2% | 25.5% | 35.1% |
| Heroin | 23.6% | 31.5% | 16.3% | 28.4% |
| Marijuana | 10.1% | 1.0% | 14.3% | 3.1% |
| Methamphetamine | 17.4% | 31.8% | 7.1% | 20.1% |
| Other | 6.2% | 4.9% | 5.1% | 4.7% |
| Age at first arrest** C | 16.1 (4.3) | 15.8 (4.4) | 18.4 (6.1) | 17.6 (6.0) |
| Age at first use of major drug (heroin, cocaine, methamphetamine)** D | 17.8 (4.2) | 17.0 (3.9) | 19.0 (6.3) | 17.9 (5.1) |
| Age at first alcohol use | 12.2 (4.0) | 11.9 (3.9) | 12.3 (3.6) | 11.8 (4.0) |
| Age at first cocaine use** | 19.5 (5.7) | 18.9 (5.6) | 20.6 (6.8) | 21.0 (7.2) |
| Age at first heroin use C | 19.4 (4.3) | 18.8 (4.6) | 20.8 (5.6) | 19.9 (5.9) |
| Age at first marijuana use** C | 13.0 (3.0) | 13.0 (3.0) | 14.9 (3.9) | 14.0 (3.3) |
| Age at first methamphetamine use | 19.7 (5.6) | 20.6 (6.4) | 19.3 (5.2) | 19.6 (6.6) |
*
p < 0.05,
**
p < 0.01 for significant chi-square test or one-way ANOVA testing difference among the four groups.
C
indicates a significant incarceration group effect (p < 0.05) after controlling for project.
D
indicates a significant drug group effect (p < 0.05) after controlling for project.