mRNA expression levels of CD3ε, cytokines, and transcription factors in donor kidney biopsies. Box plots show the minimum to maximum and 25th, 50th (median), and 75th percentiles for GAPDH-normalized, log-transformed mRNA levels of CD3ε (A), IFN-γ (B), IL-17A (C), Retinoid-related orphan receptor-γc (RORγc) (D), IL-6 (E), and IL-23 (F) in biopsies from living (n=14) and deceased (n=11) donor kidneys after cold ischemia and reperfusion. The mRNA levels of CD3ε and IFN-γ were expressed significantly higher in deceased than living donor kidneys, whereas the highest mRNA levels for RORγc were measured in the living donor kidneys. The difference between deceased and living donor kidneys was significant in the specimens taken after cold storage as well as specimens taken after reperfusion. Because of shortage of material, the mRNA levels of IFN-γ could not be tested in six biopsies.