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Box plots of serum level of total autoantigen Gd-IgA1 (U/ml) according to the ARR of dialysis/death (ARR = 0, 1, 2, or 3) evaluated at diagnosis, in both IgAN patients and diseased (DC) and healthy (HC) controls. The comparisons were made against both ARR = 0 and combined controls. *P<0.01; **P<0.001.
