Distribution of WT and mutant AID-catalyzed deaminated M13 phage clones in a lacZa target gene. AID deaminations in lacZa are detected as C→T mutations in white or light blue M13 plaques. The distribution of clones with C→T mutations is tabulated as a percentage of clones containing 1–20, 21–40, or >40 mutations. A, mutant clones (%) for WT AID and F15L, S43P, L98R, and R174S HIGM-2 AID missense mutants, and B, mutant clones (%) for WT AID and ΔC10 and ΔC15 C-terminal deletion mutants.