FIGURE 2.

LPS/DMF-DCs generate less T cell activation and proliferation characterized by decreased IFN-γ and IL-17 production. Purified DCs were stimulated by LPS (100 ng/ml) in the presence or absence of DMF (70 μm) for 24 h, supernatant was then removed, and DCs were washed twice by warm PBS. MOG_35–55-specific T cells were then added to the conditioned DC culture in the presence of MOG_35–55 peptides (2 μg/ml). A, T cell activation was determined by flow cytometric analysis of CD44, an effector T cell marker, at both 48 h and 72 h after co-culture was set up. The number above the gate indicates the percentage of activated CD4⁺CD44⁺ T cells. B, cytokine production including IFN-γ and IL-17 in the co-culture system supernatant was evaluated by ELISA. C, proliferation was assessed by [³H]thymidine incorporation. Cells were pulsed at 48 h with [³H]thymidine and harvested 18 h later. [³H]Thymidine incorporation was measured using a TopCount NXT (PerkinElmer Life Sciences). *, p < 0.01. Data are derived from one experiment, which is representative of at least three independent experiments. Error bars indicate S.E.