pATOM36 is an integral protein of the mitochondrial outer membrane. (A) Immunoblots of total (Tot), digitonin-extracted crude cytosolic (Cyt), and mitochondrial (Mit) fractions from a cell line expressing pATOM36 with an HA tag at its C-terminus (pATOM36-HA) probed with anti-HA antibodies (HA). VDAC and elongation factor 1a (EF-1a) serve as mitochondrial outer membrane and cytosolic marker, respectively. (B) Immunoblot of an alkaline carbonate extraction of pATOM36-HA–containing mitochondria. Pe, pellet; Sup, supernatant. The integral membrane protein VDAC and the soluble mHSP70 serve as markers. (C) Top, immunoblot of untreated and proteinase K-treated (50 μg/ml) pATOM36-HA–containing mitochondria. Mitochondrial carrier protein 5 (MCP-5) serves as a loading control. Bottom, immunoblot of isolated mitoplasts (Mp) having a disrupted outer membrane and the intact pATOM36-HA–containing mitochondria (Mit) shown at the top. CYT C and mHSP70 serve as markers for the intermembrane space and the matrix, respectively. (D) Left, import of in vitro–translated, 35S-Met–labeled pATOM36 into isolated mitochondria analyzed by BN-PAGE. Right, immunoblot of pATOM36-HA–containing mitochondrial extract separated on the same BN-PAGE. The main pATOM36 complex is indicated by the arrow. (E) Antibody shift experiments. Left, pATOM36-HA containing digitonin-lysed (+Digi) and intact mitochondria (−Digi) were incubated with polyclonal anti-HA antibodies (+HA, −antibody), separated by BN-PAGE, and analyzed by immunoblots using a monoclonal anti-HA antiserum (HA). Untreated pATOM36-HA (−HA, −antibody) complex is shown on the left as a control. Right, same as shown on the left, but SAM50-HA–expressing mitochondria were used.