Table 1. Baseline patient characteristics stratified by BMI.
| Variable | Normal weight BMI <25 kg m−2 (n=6703) | Overweight BMI 25–29.9 kg m−2 (n=7352) | Obese BMI 30–39.9 kg m−2 (n=5995) | Morbidly obese BMI ⩾40 kg m−2 (n=1616) | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic/clinical dataa | |||||
| Age, mean (s.d.), years | 56.1 (17.3) | 58.5 (14.6) | 57.1 (13.2) | 54.6 (12.7) | <0.0001 |
| Male sex | 2373 (35.4%) | 3931 (53.5%) | 2825 (47.1%) | 512 (31.7%) | <0.0001 |
| Caucasians | 4343 (82.9%) | 4774 (83.0%) | 3858 (82.9%) | 1009 (82.1%) | 0.89 |
| Coronary artery disease | 35 (0.5%) | 37 (0.5) | 30 (0.5%) | 8 (0.5%) | 0.99 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 356 (5.3%) | 425 (5.8%) | 367 (6.1%) | 88 (5.4%) | 0.25 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 356 (5.3%) | 777 (10.6%) | 1154 (19.3%) | 441 (27.3%) | <0.0001 |
| Hypertension | 729 (10.9%) | 1086 (14.8%) | 1102 (18.4%) | 319 (19.8%) | <0.0001 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 1806 (27.0%) | 3176 (43.2%) | 2803 (46.8%) | 685 (42.4%) | <0.0001 |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 93 (0.9%) | 89 (1.2%) | 65 (1.1%) | 15 (0.9%) | 0.43 |
| Congestive heart failure | 192 (2.9%) | 206 (2.8%) | 275 (4.6%) | 91 (5.6%) | <0.0001 |
| COPD | 249 (3.7%) | 246 (3.3%) | 176 (2.9%) | 60 (3.7%) | 0.090 |
| Chronic renal insufficiency | 101 (1.5%) | 123 (1.7%) | 114 (1.9%) | 29 (1.8%) | 0.38 |
| Creatinine, mean (s.d.), mg dl−1 | 0.96 (0.39) | 1.01 (0.37) | 1.01 (0.39) | 0.99 (0.41) | <0.0001 |
| Hemoglobin, mean (s.d.), g dl−1 | 12.1 (2.7) | 12.7 (2.6) | 12.7 (2.6) | 12.3 (2.4) | <0.0001 |
| Systolic BP, mean (s.d.), mm Hg | 136 (22) | 141 (21) | 144 (20) | 147 (20) | <0.0001 |
| Diastolic BP, mean (s.d.), mm Hg | 80 (11) | 83 (10) | 85 (11) | 86 (11) | <0.0001 |
| Echocardiographic datab | |||||
| End-diastolic diameter/height, mean (s.d.), cm m−1 | 2.61 (0.40) | 2.59 (0.40) | 2.61 (0.40) | 2.66 (0.42) | <0.0001 |
| End-systolic diameter/height, mean (s.d.), cm m−1 | 1.60 (0.36) | 1.59 (0.35) | 1.60 (0.35) | 1.63 (0.37) | <0.001 |
| Relative wall thickness, mean (s.d.) | 0.51 (0.13) | 0.51 (0.14) | 0.51 (0.14) | 0.51 (0.13) | 0.70 |
| Left ventricular mass/height2.7, mean (s.d.), kg m−2.7 | 40.9 (14.5) | 41.4 (14.1) | 42.2 (14.6) | 43.9 (14.8) | <0.0001 |
| Left atrium size, mean (s.d.), cm | 3.44 (0.65) | 3.71 (0.61) | 3.88 (0.58) | 3.92 (0.63) | <0.0001 |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; BP, blood pressure; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
P-value comparing means or proportions of baseline characteristics across different BMI ranges.
Could be measured in 16 876 patients for race; 21 653 for coronary artery disease, atrial fibrillation, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, peripheral vascular disease, congestive heart failure, COPD and chronic renal insufficiency; 15 673 for serum creatinine and hemoglobin; 15 795 for systolic blood pressure; and 15 954 for diastolic blood pressure.
Could be measured in 20 672 patients for end-diastolic and end-systolic diameter/height; 19 397 for relative wall thickness; 19 397 for left ventricular mass index; and 20 731 for left atrial size.