Anti-EMP2 diabody decreases collagen gel contraction. (a) ARPE-19 and (b) ARPE-19/EMP2 cells were pretreated with various concentrations, ranging from 2–20 μg/ml, of anti-EMP2 or control diabody for 2 hours. Percent contraction was determined after 24 hours. ARPE-19 and ARPE-19/EMP2 cells showed a statistically significant (*P≤0.05, **P≤0.01, ***P≤0.001) dose dependent response to anti-EMP2 treatment. Control diabody did not alter contraction. (c) The percent inhibition of contraction, as normalized to the untreated cells, was determined for each cell line at the different concentrations of anti-EMP2 diabody treatment. The concentration of anti-EMP2 diabody required to achieve 50% reduction was lower in ARPE-19 cells as compared to ARPE-19/EMP2 cells. Each experiment included at least six replicates, and at least three independent experiments were performed with comparable results. A Student’s t-test (unpaired, two-tailed) was used and a P<0.05 was judged to be statistically significant.