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Secretion of VEGF and IL-8 protein by TSE cells treated with low glutamine-containing media, tunicamycin, and cobalt chloride. Triplicate cultures of confluent TSE cells in six-well plates were incubated with 3 mL per well of complete medium containing 4 mM glutamine (Q), 0.25 mM glutamine, 5 μg/mL tunicamycin (Tunic) or 100 μM CoCl2 for 24 hours. A commercial ELISA was used to determine the amount of VEGF and IL-8 protein in the media. Data represent the mean concentration ± SD.
